Supreme Court of India

8,182 judgments

Year:

Kum. Shubha @ Shubhashankar v. State of Karnataka & Anr.

· M. M. Sundresh · 2025 INSC 830
Cites 0 · Cited by 1

The Supreme Court upheld life convictions for murder based on circumstantial evidence, emphasizing the importance of motive, admissibility of call records, and the constitutional ethos of reformation.

criminal appeal_dismissed Significant circumstantial evidence eyewitness testimony call detail records Section 302 IPC

Partha Das v. State of Tripura

· J.K. Maheshwari J. · 2025 INSC 1049
Cites 0 · Cited by 2

The Supreme Court held that executive orders cancelling an ongoing recruitment process governed by statutory rules without legislative amendment are illegal, affirming the principle that administrative instructions cannot override statutory provisions and upholding candidates' legitimate expectation of fair recruitment.

administrative appeal_allowed Significant Tripura State Rifles Act New Recruitment Policy executive instructions statutory rules

Mepung Tadar Bage v. President of India

· J.K. Maheshwari; Aravind Kumar · 2025 INSC 1047

The Supreme Court held that the alleged lapses by a member of Arunachal Pradesh Public Service Commission in a question paper leak case did not amount to misbehaviour under Article 317, and dismissed the reference for her removal.

constitutional petition_dismissed Significant Article 317 Constitution of India Public Service Commission misbehaviour removal of constitutional member

Vijay Krishnaswami v. Deputy Director of Income Tax (Investigation)

· J.K. Maheshwari · 2025 INSC 1048

The Supreme Court quashed prosecution under Section 276C(1) of the Income Tax Act for non-compliance with binding departmental guidelines and after grant of immunity from penalty by the Settlement Commission, holding such prosecution an abuse of process.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant Section 276C(1) Income Tax Act prosecution sanction Settlement Commission immunity Section 245C application

Competition Commission of India v. Kerala Film Exhibitors Federation

· Manoj Misra; K. V. Viswanathan · 2025 INSC 1167
Cites 0 · Cited by 3

The Supreme Court held that forwarding the DG report and calling for replies suffices as notice for penalty under the Competition Act, and set aside the appellate tribunal's order quashing penalties on office-bearers for lack of separate notice.

administrative appeal_allowed Significant Competition Act, 2002 Section 27 penalty Section 48 liability Director General report

Divyangnakumari Harisinh Parmar v. Union of India

· Surya Kant; Dipankar Datta; Nongmeikapam Kotiswar Singh · 2025 INSC 1145

The Supreme Court upheld the validity of rescission of Portuguese-era land grants under the special Dadra and Nagar Haveli law, rejecting waiver claims and new grounds raised late, and affirmed the High Court’s interference with lower courts’ findings.

property appeal_dismissed Significant Alvara Organic Structure of the Lands of Nagar Haveli emphyteusis land grant rescission

Shanti Devi v. Jagan Devi & Ors.

· J. B. Pardiwala; R. Mahadevan · 2025 INSC 1105
Cites 1 · Cited by 0

The Supreme Court held that a suit for possession based on a sale deed void ab initio is governed by Article 65 of the Limitation Act, 1963, and dismissed the appeal affirming the suit's maintainability within limitation.

civil appeal_dismissed Significant Limitation Act, 1963 Article 59 Article 65 Sale deed

Deep Nursing Home and another v. Manmeet Singh Mattewal and others

· Sanjay Kumar · 2025 INSC 1094

The Supreme Court allowed the appeal, holding that no medical negligence was proved against the doctor and nursing home in delivery and post-delivery care, and that the NCDRC erred in deciding antenatal negligence beyond pleadings.

civil appeal_allowed Significant medical negligence consumer protection antenatal care postpartum hemorrhage

Haribhau @ Bhausaheb Dinkar Kharuse & Anr. v. The State of Maharashtra

· Vipul M. Pancholi · 2025 INSC 1266

The Supreme Court upheld convictions under Section 149 IPC, affirming that members of an unlawful assembly sharing a common object are vicariously liable for offences committed by the group.

criminal appeal_dismissed Significant Section 149 IPC unlawful assembly vicarious liability murder

Jane Kaushik v. Union of India

· J. B. Pardiwala; R. Mahadevan · 2025 INSC 1248

The Supreme Court held that both State and private establishments have positive constitutional and statutory obligations to prevent discrimination against transgender persons and provide reasonable accommodation, directing enforcement of the 2019 Act and awarding relief to the petitioner.

constitutional appeal_allowed Significant transgender rights discrimination reasonable accommodation fundamental rights

K.S. Manjunath and Others v. Moorasavirappa @ Muttanna Chennappa Batil and Others

· J. B. Pardiwala; R. Mahadevan · 2025 INSC 1298
Cites 0 · Cited by 2

The Supreme Court held that a suit for specific performance is not maintainable without challenging the validity of termination of an agreement to sell, and subsequent purchasers with notice of a subsisting agreement cannot claim bona fide purchaser status.

civil appeal_allowed Significant specific performance agreement to sell termination of contract unilateral termination

Raj Pal Singh v. Rajveer & Ors.

· K. Vinod Chandran; N.V. Anjaria · 2025 INSC 1442

The Supreme Court upheld the High Court's acquittal of accused in a murder case, emphasizing that where two views are possible on evidence, acquittal should not be disturbed without compelling reasons.

criminal appeal_dismissed Significant Acquittal Appeal against acquittal Section 302 IPC Reasonable doubt

Jayantibhai Chaturbhai Patel v. State of Gujarat

· Vipul M. Pancholi · 2025 INSC 1443

The Supreme Court upheld the conviction and enhanced sentence of a doctor for rape under Section 376(2)(d) IPC despite the victim and her husband turning hostile, relying on corroborative medical and forensic evidence.

criminal appeal_dismissed Significant rape Section 376 IPC hostile witness FIR evidence

Shaik Shabuddin v. State of Telangana

· Ahsanuddin Amanullah; K. Vinod Chandran · 2025 INSC 1449

The Supreme Court affirmed rape and murder convictions but set aside SC/ST Act convictions and modified life sentence to 25 years for one accused, emphasizing knowledge of caste and admissibility of confession and recovery under Section 27 Evidence Act.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant SC/ST Act Section 302 IPC Section 376D IPC Section 27 Evidence Act

CENTRAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION v. DAYAMOY MAHATO

· Sanjay Karol; Nongmeikapam Kotiswar Singh · 2025 INSC 1418

The Supreme Court held that Section 436-A CrPC does not apply to offences punishable with death, balanced the right to liberty under Article 21 against national security concerns in bail matters involving terrorism charges, and issued directions to expedite trials and ensure fairness under reverse burden statutes.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant Section 436-A CrPC Article 21 Constitution bail reverse burden of proof

Dr. Jaya Thakur v. Government of India & Ors.

· J. B. Pardiwala; R. Mahadevan · 2026 INSC 97
Cites 0 · Cited by 2

The Supreme Court held that lack of menstrual hygiene facilities in schools violates fundamental rights under Articles 14, 21, and 21A, directing the State to provide free sanitary pads and separate toilets to ensure substantive equality in education for adolescent girls.

constitutional appeal_allowed Significant right to education menstrual hygiene management Article 14 equality Article 21 right to life

Sanjay Paliwal and Another v. Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd

· Aravind Kumar; Nongmeikapam Kotiswar Singh · 2026 INSC 61

The Supreme Court upheld the High Court's dismissal of a suit for mandatory injunction due to disputed title and possession, holding such injunction without possession claim barred under Section 41(h) of the Specific Relief Act.

civil appeal_dismissed Significant mandatory injunction Section 41(h) Specific Relief Act title and possession dispute Section 100 CPC

Shrikrishna v. The State of Madhya Pradesh

· K. Vinod Chandran; N. V. Anjaria · 2026 INSC 45
Cites 0 · Cited by 2

The Supreme Court upheld the conviction for culpable homicide not amounting to murder under Section 304 Part II IPC in a group fight case, reduced the sentence considering the appellant's age and time served, and dismissed the appeal.

criminal appeal_dismissed Significant culpable homicide not amounting to murder Section 304 Part II IPC murder Section 302 IPC

Gulfisha Fatima v. State (Govt. of NCT of Delhi)

· Aravind Kumar; N.V. Anjaria · 2026 INSC 2
Cites 2 · Cited by 0

The Supreme Court upheld the statutory bail restrictions under UAPA, dismissing bail pleas of accused in the 2020 Delhi riots case, while clarifying the constitutional and statutory framework governing bail and prolonged incarceration.

criminal appeal_dismissed Significant Article 21 Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act Section 43D(5) terrorist act

Divjot Sekhon v. State of Punjab and Others

· Sanjay Kumar · 2026 INSC 26
Cites 0 · Cited by 2

The Supreme Court held that altering sports quota admission criteria mid-process to include achievements from Classes IX and X was arbitrary and unlawful, directing adjustment of admissions and emphasizing transparency and fairness in policy formulation.

administrative appeal_allowed Significant sports quota MBBS/BDS admission midstream policy change Article 14