Supreme Court of India

8,182 judgments

Year:

State of Uttar Pradesh v. Anurudh & Anr

09 Jan 2026 · Sanjay Karol; Nongmeikapam Kotiswar Singh · 2026 INSC 47
Cites 1 · Cited by 0

The Supreme Court held that the High Court exceeded its bail jurisdiction by mandating medical age determination at investigation stage in POCSO cases, clarifying the proper legal framework for age determination and bail under the POCSO and Juvenile Justice Acts.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant bail jurisdiction Section 439 CrPC POCSO Act medical age determination

X v. State of Uttar Pradesh

09 Jan 2026 · B. V. Nagarathna; R. Mahadevan · 2026 INSC 44
Cites 1 · Cited by 0

The Supreme Court set aside the High Court’s bail order in a serious POCSO case involving gang rape of a minor, emphasizing the gravity of offences, victim protection, and the need for fair trial.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant bail POCSO Act sexual assault minor victim

M/S JINDAL EQUIPMENT LEASING CONSULTANCY SERVICES LTD v. COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX

09 Jan 2026 · J.B. PARDIWALA; R. MAHADEVAN · 2026 INSC 46

The Supreme Court held that substitution of shares in amalgamation, when held as stock-in-trade, constitutes taxable business income under Section 28 of the Income Tax Act, and the High Court did not exceed its jurisdiction in remanding the matter for determination of the nature of holding.

tax appeal_dismissed Significant Amalgamation Stock-in-trade Capital assets Section 28 Income Tax Act

Rajeev Kumar Agarwal v. The State of Telangana

09 Jan 2026 · J.K. Maheshwari; K. Vinod Chandran · 2026 INSC 42

The Supreme Court held that cognizance of offences under Sections 448 and 451 of the Companies Act cannot be taken on a private complaint without compliance with Section 212(6), quashing such proceedings while allowing continuation of IPC offences.

criminal appeal_partly_allowed Significant Companies Act, 2013 Section 448 Section 447 Section 212(6)

Sujata Bora v. Coal India Limited

08 Jan 2026 · J. B. Pardiwala; K. V. Viswanathan · 2026 INSC 53

The Supreme Court held that a visually handicapped candidate with multiple disabilities is entitled to appointment with reasonable accommodation despite expiry of recruitment panel, emphasizing substantive equality and intersectionality under the RPwD Act and Constitution.

administrative appeal_allowed Significant reasonable accommodation benchmark disability Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 multiple disabilities

Roshini Devi v. State of Telangana

08 Jan 2026 · J. K. Maheshwari; Atul S. Chandurkar · 2026 INSC 41

The Supreme Court quashed a preventive detention order against a drug offender for lack of material showing threat to public order and improper reliance on past criminal history despite bail granted.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant preventive detention public order subjective satisfaction Telangana Prevention of Dangerous Activities Act, 1986

The Joint Director, Anti-Corruption Bureau, A.P. v. Dayam Peda Ranga Rao

08 Jan 2026 · M. M. Sundresh; Satish Chandra Sharma · 2026 INSC 37

The Supreme Court held that the Anti-Corruption Bureau office at Vijayawada is a valid police station post-bifurcation under the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014, and quashing FIRs on jurisdictional grounds for lack of specific notification was erroneous.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014 Section 2(s) CrPC Police station notification Jurisdiction of police station

State of Uttar Pradesh and Ors. v. Bhawana Mishra

08 Jan 2026 · Rajesh Bindal; Manmohan · 2026 INSC 38
Cites 0 · Cited by 2

The Supreme Court held that admission to Ayurvedic Nursing Training Course does not guarantee appointment, and the doctrine of legitimate expectation cannot override a valid change in government recruitment policy and procedure.

administrative appeal_allowed Significant legitimate expectation Ayurvedic Nursing Training Course appointment government policy change

C.S. Prasad v. C. Satyakumar

08 Jan 2026 · Sanjay Karol; Prashant Kumar Mishra · 2026 INSC 39

The Supreme Court held that prior civil adjudication does not bar criminal prosecution if a cognizable offence is disclosed and set aside the High Court's quashing of criminal proceedings alleging fraud and forgery in property settlement deeds.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant Section 482 CrPC quashing of FIR civil and criminal proceedings fraud and forgery

Ultratech Cement Ltd. v. State of Gujarat

08 Jan 2026 · Pankaj Mithal; Prasanna B. Varale · 2026 INSC 43
Cites 0 · Cited by 10

The Supreme Court held that heavy earth moving machinery and construction equipment vehicles used exclusively within factory premises are not "motor vehicles" under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 and are not liable to road tax under the Gujarat Motor Vehicles Tax Act, 1958.

tax appeal_allowed Significant motor vehicle definition off-road vehicles construction equipment vehicles road tax liability

SUMIT BANSAL v. M/S MGI DEVELOPERS AND PROMOTERS AND ANOTHER

08 Jan 2026 · Sanjay Karol; Prashant Kumar Mishra · 2026 INSC 40

The Supreme Court held that multiple complaints based on distinct dishonoured cheques arising from the same transaction are maintainable and quashing such complaints under Section 482 CrPC is not justified unless no offence is disclosed or abuse of process is evident.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant Section 138 Negotiable Instruments Act Section 482 CrPC Cheque dishonour Quashing of complaint

Regenta Hotels Private Limited v. M/S Hotel Grand Centre Point

07 Jan 2026 · Dipankar Datta; Augustine George Masih · 2026 INSC 32

The Supreme Court held that arbitral proceedings commence on receipt of the arbitration notice under Section 21 of the Arbitration Act, and since the appellant served the notice within 90 days of the interim order, the interim injunction was rightly maintained, setting aside the High Court's contrary decision.

civil appeal_allowed Significant Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 Section 9 interim relief Section 21 commencement of arbitration Rule 9(4) Arbitration Rules 2001

AHAMMED HAJI v. SAKEENA BEEVI

07 Jan 2026 · Vikram Nath; Sandeep Mehta · 2026 INSC 35

The Supreme Court held that ratification of a power of attorney by affidavit validates the authority of the holder, resetting limitation and entitling specific performance of the sale agreement for the disputed property share.

civil appeal_allowed Significant specific performance power of attorney ratification limitation

Jan De Nul Dredging India Pvt. Ltd. v. Tuticorin Port Trust

07 Jan 2026 · Pamidighantam Sri Narasimha; Pankaj Mithal · 2026 INSC 34

The Supreme Court held that appellate courts under Section 37 cannot re-interpret contract clauses or disturb arbitral awards upheld under Section 34, restoring compensation for idle time of a Backhoe Dredger under the License Agreement.

civil appeal_allowed Significant Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 Section 34 Section 37 arbitral award

The Property Company (P) Ltd. v. Rohinten Daddy Mazda

07 Jan 2026 · J. B. Pardiwala; R. Mahadevan · 2026 INSC 33

The Supreme Court upheld the CLB's power to condone delay in filing an appeal under Section 58(3) of the Companies Act, 2013 by applying principles of the Limitation Act, 1963, and allowed retrospective application of Section 433 to pending proceedings.

civil appeal_dismissed Significant Companies Act, 2013 Company Law Board Limitation Act, 1963 condonation of delay

MD Imran @ D.C. Guddu v. The State of Jharkhand

07 Jan 2026 · J B Pardiwala; K.V. Viswanathan · 2026 INSC 36

The Supreme Court clarified the higher threshold of evidence required for bail of accused added under Section 319 Cr.P.C. and allowed bail to MD Imran @ D.C. Guddu while dismissing the State's appeal against anticipatory bail of co-accused.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant Section 319 Cr.P.C. bail test added accused strong and cogent evidence

Sumit v. State of U P & Anr.

07 Jan 2026 · J. B. Pardiwala; K. V. Viswanathan · 2026 INSC 145

The Supreme Court held that anticipatory bail under Section 438 CrPC continues beyond filing of charge sheet unless special reasons exist, setting aside the High Court's order restricting bail duration.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant anticipatory bail Section 438 CrPC charge sheet cognizance

Arvind Dham v. Directorate of Enforcement

06 Jan 2026 · Sanjay Kumar; Alok Aradhe · 2026 INSC 12

The Supreme Court allowed bail to the appellant in a PMLA case, holding that prolonged pretrial detention without trial commencement violates the right to speedy trial under Article 21, especially where investigation is complete and evidence is documentary.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant bail Prevention of Money Laundering Act Article 21 speedy trial

Commissioner of Customs (Import) v. M/s Welkin Foods

06 Jan 2026 · J. B. Pardiwala; R. Mahadevan · 2026 INSC 19

The Supreme Court upheld the classification of imported aluminium shelving as parts of agricultural machinery under CTI 84369900, allowing the appeal of the importer and dismissing the customs department's challenge.

tax appeal_dismissed Significant Customs classification General Rules of Interpretation Common parlance test End use in classification

S. Nagesh v. Shobha S. Aradhya

06 Jan 2026 · Sanjay Kumar; Alok Aradhe · 2026 INSC 27

The Supreme Court held that cognizance under Section 138 NI Act cannot be taken before condoning delay in filing the complaint, quashing the complaint filed without prior condonation.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant Negotiable Instruments Act Section 138 NI Act Section 142 NI Act Cognizance