Supreme Court of India

8,182 judgments

Year:

SURESH CHANDRA AND ANOTHER v. STATE OF UTTAR PRADESH

30 Jan 2025 · B.R. Gavai; Augustine George Masih; K. Vinod Chandran · 2025 INSC 156

The Supreme Court acquitted appellants in a dowry death case due to failure of prosecution to prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt under circumstantial evidence principles.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant circumstantial evidence Section 302 IPC proof beyond reasonable doubt burden of proof

N. Usha Rani v. Moodudula Srinivas

30 Jan 2025 · B. V. Nagarathna; Satish Chandra Sharma · 2025 INSC 129

The Supreme Court held that a woman de facto separated from her first husband and knowingly married again is entitled to maintenance under Section 125 CrPC despite the absence of a legal divorce decree.

family appeal_allowed Significant maintenance Section 125 CrPC second marriage subsisting marriage

R. Rajebdran v. District Collector

30 Jan 2025 · J.B. Pardiwala; R. Mahadevan · 2025 INSC 131

The Supreme Court upheld the continuing liability of polluting tanneries to pay compensation and remediate environmental damage beyond 1998, directing enforcement of pollution control and compensation measures in Vellore District.

environmental appeal_allowed Significant polluter pays principle precautionary principle environmental compensation tannery pollution

Ashok Saxena v. State of Uttarakhand

30 Jan 2025 · J. B. Pardiwala; R. Mahadevan · 2025 INSC 148

The Supreme Court modified the conviction of Ashok Saxena from murder to culpable homicide not amounting to murder under Section 304 Part-I IPC applying the doctrine of transfer of malice and reduced his sentence accordingly.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant Section 302 IPC Section 304 IPC Section 301 IPC Doctrine of transfer of malice

M/S. JM LABORATORIES AND OTHERS v. STATE OF ANDHRA PRADESH AND ANOTHER

30 Jan 2025 · B.R. Gavai; Augustine George Masih · 2025 INSC 127

The Supreme Court quashed the criminal proceedings against JM Laboratories due to the trial court's failure to assign reasons while summoning the accused, emphasizing the necessity of judicial mind application in issuing process.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant summoning order Section 204 CrPC reasons for issuance of process Drugs and Cosmetics Act

INOX AIR PRODUCTS PRIVATE LIMITED AND ANOTHER v. THE STATE OF ANDHRA PRADESH

30 Jan 2025 · B. R. Gavai; Augustine George Masih · 2025 INSC 128

The Supreme Court held that sale of drugs between licensed manufacturers under Form 25 does not violate the Drugs and Cosmetics Act even if the buyer lacks a Form 20B license, and quashed the complaint and summoning order for lack of application of mind by the Magistrate.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 manufacture definition Form 25 license Form 20B license

Parimal Kumar & Ors. v. The State of Jharkhand & Ors.

30 Jan 2025 · J.K. Maheshwari; Rajesh Bindal · 2025 INSC 134
Cites 0 · Cited by 1

The Supreme Court held that eligibility criteria prescribed at recruitment commencement cannot be altered mid-process and only JTET-qualified candidates were eligible for Jharkhand teacher recruitment, setting aside the High Court's direction permitting CTET/STET candidates.

administrative appeal_allowed Significant Teacher Eligibility Test Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act Section 23 RTE Act JTET

Mahabir & Ors. v. State of Haryana

29 Jan 2025 · J. B. Pardiwala; R. Mahadevan · 2025 INSC 120
Cites 0 · Cited by 1

The Supreme Court set aside the High Court's conviction reversing acquittal under revisional jurisdiction, holding such conversion impermissible without retrial and emphasizing procedural safeguards and the non-retrospective nature of victim's appellate rights.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant Section 401 CrPC revisional jurisdiction Acquittal conversion prohibited Victim's right to appeal proviso Section 372 CrPC Natural justice in criminal revision

INDEPENDENT SUGAR CORPORATION LTD v. GIRISH SRIRAM JUNEJA & ORS

29 Jan 2025 · Hrishikesh Roy; Sudhanshu Dhulia; S. V. N. Bhatti · 2025 INSC 124

The Supreme Court held that prior approval of the Competition Commission of India is mandatory before the Committee of Creditors can approve a resolution plan containing a combination under Section 31(4) of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016.

corporate appeal_allowed Significant Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 Section 31(4) proviso Competition Commission of India approval Committee of Creditors

Ajai Kumar Chauhan v. The State of Uttar Pradesh

29 Jan 2025 · B. R. Gavai; Augustine George Masih; K. Vinod Chandran · 2025 INSC 140
Cites 0 · Cited by 1

The Supreme Court reduced the appellant's conviction from murder under Section 302 IPC to culpable homicide not amounting to murder under Section 304 Part I IPC, holding that the prosecution failed to prove premeditation and intent beyond reasonable doubt.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant Section 302 IPC Section 304 IPC Exception 4 to Section 300 IPC culpable homicide

S. VISHNU GANGA & Ors. v. M/S ORIENTAL INSURANCE COMPANY LIMITED & Ors.

29 Jan 2025 · Sudhanshu Dhulia; Ahsanuddin Amanullah · 2025 INSC 123

The Supreme Court restored the Motor Accidents Claims Tribunal's compensation award, holding that loss of income and future prospects must be assessed considering the deceased's active business role and that continuation of business by dependents does not negate pecuniary loss.

civil appeal_allowed Significant Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 compensation loss of income future prospects

SHANKAR LAL SHARMA v. RAJESH KOOLWAL

29 Jan 2025 · B. V. Nagarathna; Satish Chandra Sharma · 2025 INSC 200
Cites 0 · Cited by 5

The Supreme Court disposed of a Special Leave Petition by directing a monetary settlement to the petitioner and emphasized the crucial role of advocates in providing voluntary legal assistance to indigent litigants.

civil appeal_allowed Significant Special Leave Petition Amicus Curiae Settlement Access to Justice

DR. TANVI BEHL v. SHREY GOEL

29 Jan 2025 · Hrishikesh Roy; Sudhanshu Dhulia; S. V. N. Bhatti · 2025 INSC 125

The Supreme Court held that domicile or residence-based reservation in PG Medical courses is constitutionally invalid, mandating merit-based admissions except for permissible institutional preferences.

constitutional appeal_dismissed Significant residence-based reservation domicile PG Medical Courses Article 14

Narcotic Control Bureau v. Lakhwinder Singh

29 Jan 2025 · Abhay S. Oka; Ujjal Bhuyan · 2025 INSC 190

The Supreme Court held that bail pending appeal under the NDPS Act can be granted before serving half the sentence if justified, upholding the High Court's order and emphasizing judicial discretion and fundamental rights.

criminal appeal_dismissed Significant bail pending appeal NDPS Act Section 37 NDPS Act suspension of sentence

Vinobhai v. State of Kerala

29 Jan 2025 · Abhay S. Oka; Ujjal Bhuyan · 2025 INSC 119

The Supreme Court acquitted the appellant of murder due to material contradictions in eyewitness testimonies and held that recovery of weapon alone is insufficient to sustain conviction beyond reasonable doubt.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant Section 302 IPC eyewitness testimony material omissions contradictions

H. ANJANAPPA & ORS. v. A. PRABHAKAR & ORS.

29 Jan 2025 · J. B. Pardiwala; R. Mahadevan · 2025 INSC 121
Cites 0 · Cited by 1

The Supreme Court set aside the High Court's order condoning delay and granting leave to appeal to subsequent purchasers who were not parties to the suit and whose impleadment was rejected, holding that unexplained delay cannot be condoned and such persons are not entitled to appeal without being aggrieved parties.

civil appeal_allowed Significant specific performance condonation of delay leave to appeal lis pendens

Krishnadatt Awasthy v. State of M.P.

29 Jan 2025 · Hrishikesh Roy; Sudhanshu Dhulia; S.V.N. Bhatti · 2025 INSC 126
Cites 0 · Cited by 7

The Supreme Court held that cancellation of appointments without affording a hearing violated the principle of audi alteram partem and that mere familial relationship without participation does not establish bias, thus restoring the appellants' appointments.

administrative appeal_allowed Significant natural justice rule against bias audi alteram partem selection committee

Danesh Singh & Ors. v. Har Pyari Thr. LRs.

29 Jan 2025 · J. B. Pardiwala; R. Mahadevan · 2025 INSC 1434

The Supreme Court held that a transfer of mortgaged property pendente lite is barred by Section 52 of the Transfer of Property Act and that third parties can maintain separate suits challenging fraudulent auction sales despite the bar under Section 47 CPC.

civil appeal_dismissed Significant Section 52 Transfer of Property Act doctrine of lis pendens auction sale irregularities Order XXI CPC

Ivan Rathinam v. Milan Joseph

28 Jan 2025 · Surya Kant; Ujjal Bhuyan · 2025 INSC 115

The Supreme Court held that the presumption of legitimacy under Section 112 of the Indian Evidence Act conclusively determines paternity unless rebutted by proof of non-access, quashed the Family Court's revival of maintenance proceedings, and barred re-litigation under res judicata.

family appeal_allowed Significant presumption of legitimacy Section 112 Indian Evidence Act paternity DNA test

Gambhir Singh v. State of Uttar Pradesh

28 Jan 2025 · Vikram Nath; Sanjay Karol; Sandeep Mehta · 2025 INSC 164

The Supreme Court acquitted the appellant in a six-murder case due to failure of the prosecution to prove motive, last seen, and recoveries beyond reasonable doubt, highlighting investigative and procedural lapses.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant circumstantial evidence chain of circumstances motive last seen theory