Supreme Court of India

14,826 judgments

Year:

The State of Himachal Pradesh & Anr v. JSW Hydro Energy Limited & Ors.

16 Jul 2025 · Pamidighantam Sri Narasimha; Joymalya Bagchi · 2025 INSC 857

The Supreme Court held that the CERC tariff regulations capping free power at 13% do not override a generating company’s contractual obligation to supply 18% free power to the State, and the High Court erred in modifying the contract via writ jurisdiction.

administrative appeal_allowed Significant Electricity Act, 2003 CERC Regulations, 2019 free power supply Implementation Agreement

Nayakara Thippaiah v. State of Karnataka

16 Jul 2025 · Vikram Nath; Sanjay Karol; Sandeep Mehta · 2025 INSC 862

The Supreme Court upheld the appellant's conviction for the brutal murders of five family members but commuted his death sentence to life imprisonment after considering mitigating factors and reports on his mental health and conduct.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant murder death penalty rarest of rare Section 302 IPC

JAI PRAKASH v. STATE OF UTTARAKHAND

16 Jul 2025 · Vikram Nath; Sanjay Karol; Sandeep Mehta · 2025 INSC 861

The Supreme Court upheld the appellant's conviction for rape and murder of a child but commuted the death sentence to life imprisonment, emphasizing the need for objective application of the 'rarest of rare' doctrine considering mitigating factors.

criminal appeal_partly_allowed Significant rarest of rare doctrine death penalty sexual assault child victim

Mala Devi v. Union of India & Ors.

16 Jul 2025 · Sanjay Karol; Satish Chandra Sharma · 2025 INSC 855

The Supreme Court held that a temporary railway servant who dies in harness after one year of continuous service is entitled to family pension irrespective of regularization or completion of 10 years, allowing the widow's claim.

administrative appeal_allowed Significant family pension temporary railway servant Railway Pension Rules, 1993 continuous service

BALJINDER KUMAR @ KALA v. STATE OF PUNJAB

16 Jul 2025 · Vikram Nath; Sanjay Karol; Sandeep Mehta · 2025 INSC 856

The Supreme Court acquitted the appellant in a multiple murder case due to material contradictions in key eyewitness testimonies and investigative deficiencies, setting aside the death sentence.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant eyewitness testimony contradictions in evidence rarest of rare doctrine death penalty

Krishna Swaroopagarwal Thr. LR. v. Arvind Kumar

16 Jul 2025 · Sanjay Karol; Joymalya Bagchi · 2025 INSC 859
Cites 2 · Cited by 0

The Supreme Court held that service of notice by registered post is deemed service under law, and set aside the High Court's order invalidating an ejectment decree on the ground of non-delivery of notice.

civil appeal_allowed Significant service of notice registered post deemed service Section 106 Transfer of Property Act

Birka Shiva v. State of Telangana

16 Jul 2025 · Sanjay Karol; Sandeep Mehta · 2025 INSC 863
Cites 5 · Cited by 0

The Supreme Court acquitted the appellant of kidnapping, wrongful confinement, and rape charges due to insufficient proof of the victim's age and absence of evidence of force or coercion.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant age proof school register Section 35 Indian Evidence Act kidnapping lawful guardianship

Jaykishor Chaturvedi v. Securities and Exchange Board of India

15 Jul 2025 · J. B. Pardiwala; R. Mahadevan · 2025 INSC 846
Cites 1 · Cited by 2

The Supreme Court upheld SEBI's authority to levy retrospective interest on unpaid penalties from the date of adjudication orders under Section 28A of the SEBI Act read with Income Tax Act provisions, dismissing the appellants' challenge to recovery proceedings.

administrative appeal_dismissed Significant SEBI Act Section 28A Interest on penalty Adjudication order

Neethu B. @ Neethu Baby Mathew v. Rajesh Kumar

15 Jul 2025 · Vikram Nath; Prasanna B. Varale · 2025 INSC 853

The Supreme Court allowed review of its earlier custody order based on new psychological evidence, restoring permanent custody to the mother while granting the father visitation rights to protect the child's best interests.

family appeal_allowed Significant child custody review jurisdiction best interest of child psychological assessment

G. Kalawathi Bai v. G. Shashikala

15 Jul 2025 · Sanjay Kumar; K.V. Viswanathan · 2025 INSC 851

The Supreme Court held that a power-of-attorney holder executing a document does not become its executant for registration purposes and must comply with authentication requirements under the Registration Act, 1908, overruling the contrary view in Rajni Tandon.

property other Significant Power of Attorney Registration Act 1908 Section 32 Section 33

Vijay Kumar v. Central Bank of India

15 Jul 2025 · Pamidighantam Sri Narasimha; Joymalya Bagchi · 2025 INSC 848
Cites 0 · Cited by 11

The Supreme Court held that reduction of pension on compulsory retirement requires prior consultation with the Board of Directors under Regulation 33 of the Central Bank of India Pension Regulations, and set aside the pension reduction order for lack of such consultation.

civil appeal_allowed Significant pension rights compulsory retirement prior consultation Board of Directors

Kattavellai @ Devakar v. State of Tamil Nadu

15 Jul 2025 · Vikram Nath; Sanjay Karol; Sandeep Mehta · 2025 INSC 845

The Supreme Court set aside the appellant's conviction and death sentence in a double murder case due to unreliable circumstantial evidence, weak confession, and faulty investigation.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant circumstantial evidence last seen theory extra-judicial confession DNA evidence

M/S TORINO LABORATORIES PVT. LTD. v. UNION OF INDIA

15 Jul 2025 · K.V. Viswanathan; Joymalya Bagchi · 2025 INSC 849

The Supreme Court upheld the clubbing of two pharmaceutical companies as one establishment under the EPF Act based on cumulative factors of unity in management, finance, premises, and purpose, dismissing the appellant's challenge.

labor appeal_dismissed Significant Employees’ Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 clubbing of establishments unity of ownership functional integrality

Pradeep Bhardwaj v. Priya

15 Jul 2025 · Vikram Nath; Sandeep Mehta · 2025 INSC 852
Cites 0 · Cited by 1

The Supreme Court granted divorce on the ground of irretrievable breakdown of marriage under its constitutional power, overturning lower courts' rejection despite unproven cruelty allegations.

family appeal_allowed Significant irretrievable breakdown of marriage divorce cruelty Hindu Marriage Act, 1955

Krishan Gopal v. Gurmeet Kaur & Ors.

15 Jul 2025 · Sanjay Kumar; K.V. Viswanathan · 2025 INSC 850
Cites 0 · Cited by 1

The Supreme Court upheld specific performance of a land sale agreement, invalidated subsequent sale deeds executed pendente lite, and affirmed the court's power to grant possession suo motu under the Specific Relief Act.

civil appeal_allowed Significant specific performance readiness and willingness Section 52 Transfer of Property Act doctrine of lis pendens

PNB Housing Finance Limited v. Manoj Saha

15 Jul 2025 · Pamidighantam Sri Narasimha; Joymalya Bagchi · 2025 INSC 847

The Supreme Court held that possession taken under SARFAESI Act is valid against unregistered tenancy claims lacking evidence, and High Courts should not interfere where alternate statutory remedies exist.

civil appeal_allowed Significant SARFAESI Act tenancy rights unregistered lease possession

G. MOHANDAS v. STATE OF KERALA

15 Jul 2025 · Vikram Nath; Sandeep Mehta · 2025 INSC 854

The Supreme Court upheld criminal proceedings against a building owner and municipal officials for conspiracy to illegally construct a commercial building in a prohibited zone, rejecting the plea for quashing based on subsequent regularisation.

criminal appeal_dismissed Significant criminal conspiracy Prevention of Corruption Act municipal building rules illegal construction

L. Muruganantham v. State of Tamil Nadu & Others

15 Jul 2025 · J.B. Pardiwala; R. Mahadevan · 2025 INSC 844
Cites 0 · Cited by 2

The Supreme Court upheld enhanced compensation for illegal arrest and police harassment of a disabled prisoner while dismissing claims against prison authorities, emphasizing the need for systemic reforms to ensure rights and accommodations for prisoners with disabilities.

criminal appeal_dismissed Significant Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 human rights violation prisoners with disabilities compensation

ARUN KUMAR SHARMA v. STATE OF MADHYA PRADESH

14 Jul 2025 · PAMIDIGHANTAM SRI NARASIMHA; JOYMALYA BAGCHI · 2025 INSC 826

The Supreme Court dismissed civil appeals challenging the NGT order due to suppression of parallel proceedings and held that challenges based on Petroleum Rules, 2002 are not maintainable before the NGT.

environmental appeal_dismissed Significant National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 Petroleum Rules, 2002 No Objection Certificate Environmental litigation

M/S. STEMCYTE INDIA THERAPEUTICS PVT. LTD. v. COMMISSIONER OF CENTRAL EXCISE AND SERVICE TAX, AHMEDABAD - III

14 Jul 2025 · J.B. Pardiwala; R. Mahadevan · 2025 INSC 841
Cites 2 · Cited by 0

The Supreme Court held that stem cell banking services qualify as exempt healthcare services under Notification No. 25/2012-ST, set aside service tax demands and penalties for the disputed period, and ruled the extended limitation period inapplicable without fraud or suppression.

tax appeal_allowed Significant Healthcare Services Service Tax Exemption Umbilical Cord Blood Stem Cells Notification No. 25/2012-ST