Supreme Court of India

8,182 judgments

Year:

RAMESH KUMAR JAIN v. BHARAT ALUMINIUM COMPANY LIMITED

03 May 2025 · Aravind Kumar; N.V. Anjaria · 2025 INSC 1457
Cites 0 · Cited by 6

The Supreme Court held that limited judicial interference under Sections 34 and 37 of the Arbitration Act does not permit reappreciation of evidence or substitution of arbitrator's findings unless the award is patently illegal, and restored the arbitral award granting compensation on quantum meruit basis.

civil appeal_allowed Significant Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 Section 34 Section 37 Patent illegality

Kabir Paharia v. National Medical Commission

02 May 2025 · Vikram Nath; Sandeep Mehta · 2025 INSC 623
Cites 0 · Cited by 3

The Supreme Court held that a PwBD candidate meeting merit criteria cannot be denied medical admission without individualized assessment and reasonable accommodation, directing his admission and revision of NMC guidelines to prevent discrimination.

constitutional appeal_allowed Significant Persons with Benchmark Disabilities Reasonable Accommodation Medical Education Admission Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act 2016

State of Odisha v. Jita Luha

02 May 2025 · J.K. Maheshwari; Aravind Kumar · 2025 INSC 813

The Supreme Court upheld the High Court's direction that rehabilitation assistance applications must be considered under the rules prevailing at the time of the employee's death, rejecting retrospective appointments and endorsing the 2025 amendment clarifying rule applicability.

administrative appeal_dismissed Significant Odisha Civil Services Rehabilitation Assistance Rules compassionate appointment date of death retrospective appointment

AMAN BHATIA v. STATE (GNCT OF DELHI)

02 May 2025 · J.B. PARDIWALA; R. MAHADEVAN · 2025 INSC 618

The Supreme Court held that licensed stamp vendors are public servants under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988, and upheld the appellant's conviction for demanding and accepting illegal gratification.

criminal appeal_dismissed Significant public servant Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 licensed stamp vendor remuneration

P. SAKTHI v. THE GOVERNMENT OF TAMIL NADU

02 May 2025 · Sudhanshu Dhulia; K. Vinod Chandran · 2025 INSC 620

The Supreme Court held that an employee cannot be denied promotion consideration based on a departmental punishment that was set aside prior to the promotion process and directed promotion with consequential benefits.

service_law appeal_allowed Significant promotion departmental punishment postponement of increment right to be considered

Dr. Vimal Sukumar v. D. Lawrence & Ors.

02 May 2025 · Bela M. Trivedi; Satish Chandra Sharma · 2025 INSC 622

The Supreme Court upheld the invalidation of CSI office bearers' elections due to flawed electoral college and procedural irregularities in constitutional amendments, affirming appointment of administrators to conduct fresh elections.

civil appeal_dismissed Significant Church of South India Constitutional amendments Electoral college Special Synod Meeting

K.R. Suresh v. R. Poornima

02 May 2025 · J.B. Pardiwala; R. Mahadevan · 2025 INSC 617
Cites 0 · Cited by 4

The Supreme Court upheld the forfeiture of advance money in a sale agreement due to purchaser's default and held that refund under Section 22 of the Specific Relief Act requires a specific claim, dismissing the appeal for specific performance.

civil appeal_dismissed Significant specific performance advance money earnest money forfeiture clause

Shanmugam @ Lakshminarayanan v. High Court of Madras

02 May 2025 · Sudhanshu Dhulia; Prashant Kumar Mishra · 2025 INSC 619
Cites 0 · Cited by 1

The Supreme Court upheld convictions for contempt against appellants who forged High Court orders, clarified limitation under Section 20 of the Contempt Act, and reduced their sentence from six to one month imprisonment.

criminal appeal_dismissed Significant contempt of court forgery fake court orders limitation

DINESH D PANCHAL v. UNION OF INDIA

01 May 2025 · Abhay S. Oka; Ujjal Bhuyan · 2025 INSC 613

The Supreme Court upheld the fixation of seniority of surplus railway employees at the bottom of the recruitment grade as per Railway Board policy, dismissing appeals challenging this treatment.

administrative appeal_dismissed Significant seniority fixation surplus employees Railway Board circular Indian Railway Establishment Manual

Naresh Kumar Gupta v. State of Punjab & Another

01 May 2025 · B. V. Nagarathna; Satish Chandra Sharma · 2025 INSC 719

The Supreme Court upheld the constitutional validity of retrospective amendments extending limitation periods for tax assessments under the Punjab VAT Act, dismissing appeals and restricting the binding effect of the Nokia judgment to Punjab and Chandigarh.

tax appeal_dismissed Significant Punjab Value Added Tax Act Section 29 amendment limitation period extension retrospective amendment

M/S. COAL INDIA LIMITED v. COMMISSIONER OF CUSTOMS (PORT)

01 May 2025 · Abhay S. Oka; Ujjal Bhuyan · 2025 INSC 609

The Supreme Court held that engineering and technical service fees paid to an agent of the foreign supplier as a condition of sale are includable in the customs assessable value under Section 14 of the Customs Act and Rule 9(1)(e) of the Customs Valuation Rules.

tax appeal_dismissed Significant Customs Valuation Engineering and Technical Service Fees Assessable Value Condition of Sale

Raju @ Umakant v. State of Madhya Pradesh

01 May 2025 · Sanjay Karol; K. V. Viswanathan · 2025 INSC 615

The Supreme Court upheld the appellant's conviction for abduction, wrongful confinement, and gang rape under IPC but set aside the SC/ST Act conviction for lack of caste-based motive, modifying the life sentence to 10 years rigorous imprisonment.

criminal appeal_partly_allowed Significant gang rape Section 376(2)(g) IPC SC/ST Act Section 3(2)(v) prosecutrix testimony

R. RANJITH SINGH & ORS. v. THE STATE OF TAMIL NADU

01 May 2025 · B. V. Nagarathna; Satish Chandra Sharma · 2025 INSC 612

The Supreme Court struck down retrospective amendments granting seniority to in-service police recruits over more meritorious open market candidates, holding seniority must be fixed solely on merit as per statutory rules.

service_law appeal_allowed Significant seniority fixation direct recruitment in-service candidates Tamil Nadu Police Subordinate Service Rules, 1955

Ashok Kumar Jain v. The State of Gujarat

01 May 2025 · Pankaj Mithal; S. V. N. Bhatti · 2025 INSC 614
Cites 0 · Cited by 1

The Supreme Court quashed an FIR under sections 406 and 420 IPC in an export-import dispute, holding that non-payment of sale price without entrustment does not constitute criminal breach of trust or cheating.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant quashing of FIR section 482 CrPC criminal breach of trust cheating

Meera Bai & Ors. v. ICICI Lombard General Insurance Company Ltd. & Anr.

30 Apr 2025 · Sudhanshu Dhulia; K. Vinod Chandran · 2025 INSC 600
Cites 0 · Cited by 6

The Supreme Court held that absence of eyewitnesses does not bar establishing rash and negligent driving if FIR and charge sheet exist, allowing the motor accident claim appeal.

civil appeal_allowed Significant motor accident claim rash and negligent driving eyewitness testimony FIR

Keshav S/O Laxman Rupnar & Anr. v. State of Maharashtra

30 Apr 2025 · Sudhanshu Dhulia; K. Vinod Chandran · 2025 INSC 603
Cites 0 · Cited by 3

The Supreme Court acquitted the appellants of rape and abduction charges due to inconsistencies in the victims' testimony and lack of corroborative medical evidence, holding that the prosecution failed to prove the case beyond reasonable doubt.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant rape abduction prosecutrix testimony corroboration

Pavul Yesu Dhasan v. The Registrar, State Human Rights Commission of Tamil Nadu & Ors.

30 Apr 2025 · Abhay S. Oka; Ujjal Bhuyan · 2025 INSC 677

The Supreme Court held that refusal to register an FIR and abusive conduct by a police officer violate human rights under the Human Rights Act and Article 21, affirming compensation for the complainant.

constitutional appeal_dismissed Significant Human Rights Act, 1993 Section 2(d) Article 21 First Information Report

KRISHNA KUMAR KEDIA v. UNION OF INDIA

30 Apr 2025 · B. R. Gavai; Augustine George Masih · 2025 INSC 608

The Supreme Court upheld the conviction of Krishna Kumar Kedia for forgery and misappropriation of Bulk Bitumen but reduced his sentence considering his age and long litigation.

criminal appeal_partly_allowed Significant Forgery Cheating Criminal breach of trust Approver confession

Gayatri Balasamy v. M/S. ISG Novasoft Technologies Limited

30 Apr 2025 · Sanjiv Khanna; K. V. Viswanathan · 2025 INSC 605
Cites 0 · Cited by 12

The Supreme Court held that Indian courts have a limited power under Section 34 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 to modify arbitral awards, including severing invalid parts and adjusting interest, while maintaining the balance between judicial intervention and arbitration autonomy.

civil significant Significant Arbitral award modification Section 34 Arbitration Act Judicial intervention in arbitration Severability of arbitral awards

Shenbagavalli and Ors. v. The Inspector of Police, Kancheepuram District and Anr.

30 Apr 2025 · Abhay S. Oka; Augustine George Masih · 2025 INSC 607

The Supreme Court quashed proceedings under Section 306 IPC, holding that mere harassment without proximate instigation does not constitute abetment of suicide.

criminal appeal_allowed Significant abetment of suicide Section 306 IPC Section 107 IPC Section 482 CrPC