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Amruddin Ansari v. Afajal Ali
The Supreme Court held that after dismissal of a suit under Order IX Rule 2 or 3 and rejection of restoration application under Rule 4, a fresh suit is maintainable and not barred by res judicata.
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The Supreme Court held that anticipatory bail in serious economic offences involving evasion of process and non-bailable warrants is an extraordinary remedy to be granted sparingly, setting aside High Court orders that ignored mandatory bail conditions and accused conduct.
STATE (NCT) OF DELHI v. RAJEEV SHARMA
The Supreme Court held that offences prescribing only maximum imprisonment without a minimum sentence do not qualify for extended detention under Section 167(2)(a)(i) Cr.P.C., entitling the accused to default bail after 60 days.
Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai v. Pankaj Babulal Kotecha
The Supreme Court allowed MCGM's appeal, holding that a century-old lake transformed into a functional recreational park need not be restored, balancing environmental protection with sustainable urban development and public welfare.
South Delhi Municipal Corporation v. SMS Limited
The Supreme Court held that the dispute resolution clauses in the Municipal Corporation of Delhi’s Concession Agreements do not constitute valid arbitration agreements under the Arbitration Act but prescribe mediation, setting aside conflicting High Court rulings.
Hanumantharaju B v. M Akram Pasha
The Supreme Court held that pension cannot be deducted from salary for compensation calculation in motor accident claims, accepted a higher disability assessment, mandated addition of future prospects, and enhanced the compensation accordingly.
K. Purushottam Reddy v. Union of India
The Supreme Court upheld the constitutional freeze on delimitation in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana until after the 2026 census, dismissing claims of discrimination based on the distinct constitutional regime governing Jammu and Kashmir as a Union Territory.
Partha Das v. State of Tripura
The Supreme Court held that executive orders cancelling an ongoing recruitment process governed by statutory rules without legislative amendment are illegal, affirming the principle that administrative instructions cannot override statutory provisions and upholding candidates' legitimate expectation of fair recruitment.
Mepung Tadar Bage v. President of India
The Supreme Court held that the alleged lapses by a member of Arunachal Pradesh Public Service Commission in a question paper leak case did not amount to misbehaviour under Article 317, and dismissed the reference for her removal.
Vijay Krishnaswami v. Deputy Director of Income Tax (Investigation)
The Supreme Court quashed prosecution under Section 276C(1) of the Income Tax Act for non-compliance with binding departmental guidelines and after grant of immunity from penalty by the Settlement Commission, holding such prosecution an abuse of process.
Competition Commission of India v. Kerala Film Exhibitors Federation
The Supreme Court held that forwarding the DG report and calling for replies suffices as notice for penalty under the Competition Act, and set aside the appellate tribunal's order quashing penalties on office-bearers for lack of separate notice.
Shanti Devi v. Jagan Devi & Ors.
The Supreme Court held that a suit for possession based on a sale deed void ab initio is governed by Article 65 of the Limitation Act, 1963, and dismissed the appeal affirming the suit's maintainability within limitation.
Haribhau @ Bhausaheb Dinkar Kharuse & Anr. v. The State of Maharashtra
The Supreme Court upheld convictions under Section 149 IPC, affirming that members of an unlawful assembly sharing a common object are vicariously liable for offences committed by the group.
Jane Kaushik v. Union of India
The Supreme Court held that both State and private establishments have positive constitutional and statutory obligations to prevent discrimination against transgender persons and provide reasonable accommodation, directing enforcement of the 2019 Act and awarding relief to the petitioner.
K.S. Manjunath and Others v. Moorasavirappa @ Muttanna Chennappa Batil and Others
The Supreme Court held that a suit for specific performance is not maintainable without challenging the validity of termination of an agreement to sell, and subsequent purchasers with notice of a subsisting agreement cannot claim bona fide purchaser status.
Raj Pal Singh v. Rajveer & Ors.
The Supreme Court upheld the High Court's acquittal of accused in a murder case, emphasizing that where two views are possible on evidence, acquittal should not be disturbed without compelling reasons.
Jayantibhai Chaturbhai Patel v. State of Gujarat
The Supreme Court upheld the conviction and enhanced sentence of a doctor for rape under Section 376(2)(d) IPC despite the victim and her husband turning hostile, relying on corroborative medical and forensic evidence.
CENTRAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION v. DAYAMOY MAHATO
The Supreme Court held that Section 436-A CrPC does not apply to offences punishable with death, balanced the right to liberty under Article 21 against national security concerns in bail matters involving terrorism charges, and issued directions to expedite trials and ensure fairness under reverse burden statutes.
Dr. Jaya Thakur v. Government of India & Ors.
The Supreme Court held that lack of menstrual hygiene facilities in schools violates fundamental rights under Articles 14, 21, and 21A, directing the State to provide free sanitary pads and separate toilets to ensure substantive equality in education for adolescent girls.
Sanjay Paliwal and Another v. Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd
The Supreme Court upheld the High Court's dismissal of a suit for mandatory injunction due to disputed title and possession, holding such injunction without possession claim barred under Section 41(h) of the Specific Relief Act.