VihykFkhZ v. E`rd

Supreme Court of India · 30 Apr 2019
Ashok Bhushan; K. M. Joseph
CRA No. 763/2019
criminal appeal_dismissed Significant

AI Summary

The Supreme Court upheld the murder conviction under Section 302 IPC, affirming that intentional infliction of fatal injuries with knowledge of likely death constitutes murder.

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Translation output
izR;k[;ku%& ^^LFkkuh; Hkk"kk esa vuqokfnr U;k;fu.kZ; ek= i{kdkjksa dks mudh Hkk"kk esa le>us i;ZUr gh lhfer gS ,oa fdlh vU; mn~ns’; gsrq mi;ksxkFkZ ugha gSA lHkh O;kogkfjd ,oa dk;kZy;hu mn~ns’;ksa gsrq] U;k;fu.kZ; ds vakXyHkk"kk laLdj.k dks gh izkekf.kd ekuk tkosxk rFkk fu"iknu ,oa fdz;kUo;u gsrq izHkkoh ekuk tkosxk A^^ vkijkf/kd vihy dz- & 763@2019
(CRA No. 763/2019) dykckbZ vihykFkhZ fo:) e-iz- 'kklu izfrvihykFkhZ fu.kZ;
U;k;ewfrZ Jh v’kksd Hkw"k.k%
1- vihykFkhZ }kjk ;g vihy] e-iz- mPp U;k;ky; ds vihy fujLrh vkns’k (fu.kZ;) fn- 25-03-
2014 ds fo:) izLrqr dh xbZ gS] ftlesa vihykFkhZ }kjk Lo;a dh nks"kfl)h vUrxZr /kkjk
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302 Hkk-n-l- dks iz’uxr fd;k x;k FkkA 2- vfHk;kstu ds izdj.kkuqlkj% e`rd Jherh yfyrkckbZ] Jh fot; flag dh /keZiRuh FkhA vihykFkhZuh] e`rd dh uuan FkhA fnukad 20-08-1999 dh nsj 'kke yfyrk o mlds ifr fot; flag ds chp >xM+k py jgk FkkA vihykFkhZ tks fd ry eafty (xzkm.M ¶yksj) ij jgrh Fkh] igyh eafty ij vkbZ tgka yfyrk ckbZ cRrhokys LVkso ij nw/k xeZ dj jgh FkhA vihykFkhZ us tyrk gqvk LVkso e`rdk ij Qsadk ftlls e`rdk ds diM+s vkx dh pisV esa vk x,s o xaHkhj tyus ds ?kko dkfjr gq,] e`rdk ds ifr }kjk mls ,e- ok;- gkWLihVy bUnkSj esa HkrhZ djok;k x;kA vLirky }kjk lwpuk izkIr gksus ij ,d iqfyl fujh{kd (Police Inspector) gkWLihVy igqWapsA lwpuk dks jkstukeps esa ntZ fd;k x;k o eq[; vkj{kd mn; iky flag dks vLirky Hkstk x;k tgkWa yfyrk ckbZ dks 96% tys gq, Hkkx ds lkFk HkrhZ fd;k x;k FkkA izHkkjh fpfdRlk vf/kdkjh ls fjiksVZ eaxokus ds i’pkr fd D;k ejht dFku nsus dh fLFkfr esa gS o bl vk’k; dk izek.k&i= izkIr gksus ds i’pkr fd ejht dFku nsus dh fLFkfr esa gS] dk;Zikyd eftLVªsV de uk;c rglhynkj dks dFku vfHkfyf[kr djus gsrw izHkkjh vf/kdkjh }kjk lwfpr fd;k x;kA dk;Zikyd eftLVªsV de uk;c rglhynkj }kjk vLirky igqWapdj e`rd yfyrk ckbZ dk dFku vfHkfyf[kr fd;k x;k A fjiksVZ ds vk/kkj ij /kkjk 307@34 Hkk-n-l- ds vUrxZr izdj.k fn- 20@08@1999 dks iathc) fd;k x;kA mipkj ds nkSjku gh yfyrkckbZ dk fu/ku 23-08-1999 dks gks x;k o izdj.k dks /kkjk 302 Hkk-n-l- ds vUrxZr PT iathc) fd;k x;kA dykckbZ o fot; flag nksuksa ds fo:) vkjksi&i= izLrqr fd;s x, o nksuksa ds fo:) fopkj.k izkjaHk fd;k x;kA 3- vfHk;kstu }kjk vius i{k leFkZu esa 24 lk{kh izLrqr fd,s x,sA fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk vfHkys[k ij vkbZ lk{; o e`frdk ds e`R;qdkfyd dFku fn- 21-08-1999 ds vk/kkj ij vihykFkhZ dks gR;k gsrw fl)nks"k ik;k x;kA vihykFkhZ dks vkthou dkjkokl o 2000@& :i;s vFkZn.M ds n.Mkns’k ls nf.Mr fd;k x;kA fot; flag] e`frdk ds ifr dks /kkjk 302 lgifBr /kkjk 34 Hkk-n-l- ls nks"keqDr fd;k x;k A vihykFkhZ us viuh nks"kfl)h o n.Mkns’k ds fo:) ek- mPp U;k;ky; esa vkijkf/kd vihy izLrqr dhA mPp U;k;ky; } kjk vkyksP; vkns’k ikfjr dj vijkf/kd vihy fujLr dh ftlls orZeku vihy dk mn~Hko gqvkA 4- bl U;k;ky; }kjk vkns’k fn- 02@07@2015 ls lhfer lwpuk&i= tkjh fd,s tks fuEufyf[kr gsrqd (izHkko) ds Fks% Þfoyac {kekA vijk/k dh izd`fr ds iz’u rd lhfer izHkko dk uksfVl (lwpuk&i=) tkjh fd;k tk;sA n.Mkns’k ds fuyacu dh izkFkZuk vLohdkj dh tkrh gSA 5- geus] vihykFkhZ ds fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd o e-iz-'kklu ds vf/koDrk Jh iz’kkar dqekj dks lquk A 6- vihykFkhZ ds vfHkHkk"kd us vius i{k leFkZu esa dgk fd vihykFkhZ dks /kkjk 302 ds varxZr nks"kfl) ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg,A muds }kjk dgk x;k fd vihykFkhZ dk mn~ns’; e`rd dh gR;k djus dk ugha FkkA vihykFkhZ dk u rks vk’k; u gh mn~ns’; e`frdk dh gR;k dkfjr djuk ugh FkkA 7- fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd us ;g Hkh dgk fd e`frdk dFku vfHkfyf[kr djokus gsrw LoLFk 'kkjhfjd n’kk esa ugha Fkh] ,e-,y-lh- dh fjiksVZ esa Hkh ;g Li"V :Ik ls crk;k x;k fd ejht v’kkar] Tojghu o ukM+h ds daiu jfgr FkhA ;g fuosfnr fd;k x;k fd ejht bruh {kh.k o v’kkar Fkh fd og bl fLFkfr esa gh ugha Fkh fd ?kVuk dk lgh fooj.k ns ikrhA 8- vihykFkhZ ds vfHkHkk"kd us bl U;k;ky; }kjk gjh 'kadj fo:) jktLFkku jkT;] (1998) 8 SCC 355 esa fn,s fu.kZ; ds vk/kkj ij ;g vk[;kf;r fd;k fd orZeku izdj.k ds rF; mijksDr of.kZr izdj.k ds rF;ksa ds le:Ik gS o mijksDr izdj.k esa bl U;k;ky; }kjk /kkjk 302 Hkk-n-l- dks ifjofrZr dj /kkjk 304&II fd;k o n.Mkns’k dks y?kqd`r dj vkthou dkjkokl ls ikap o"kZ lJe dkjkokl dj fn;k x;kA ;g orZeku izdj.k Hkh leku O;ogkj] dk vf/kdkjh gSA 9- 'kklu dh vksj ls fo}ku vf/koDrk egksn; us vihykFkhZ ds fuosnu dks vekU; djrs gq,s dgk fd e`frdk dh 'kkjhfjd fLFkfr dks fpfdRld }kjk izekf.kr djrs gq,s mls dFku vfHkfyf[kr djus gsrw LoLFk ekufld voLFkk esa gksuk crk;k x;k Fkk] tks fd vfHk;kstu lkf{k;ksa }kjk fl) fd;k x;k gSA ;g Hkh dgk x;k fd xnZu o flj ij gqbZ Burn Injury ek= 8% Fkh ftls mPp U;k;ky; }kjk laKku esa fy;k x;k gS] nksuks v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa } PT kjk leqfpr :Ik ls e`R;qdkfyd dFku ij fo’okl trk;k x;k gS ,oa vihykFkhZ dks ;g vuqefr ugh nh tk ldrh fd og ,sls fcUnq mBk,s ftlls e`R;qdkfyd dFku ij vfo’okl dh /kkj.kk cusA ,d lhfer vk’k; dk lwpuk&i= 02-07-2015 dks tkjh fd;k x;k] vihykFkhZ dks ;g vuqefr ugha gksuh pkfg;s fd og viuh nks"kfl)h dks pqukSrh nsA vihykFkhZ dks flQZ vijk/k dh izd`fr vk[;ku djus dh vuqefr gS] ftl vk’k; dk lhfer lwpuk&i= bl izdj.k esa fn;k x;k gSA 10- gekjs }kjk }; i{k ds dFku&rdksZ ij fopkj fd;k o vfHkys[k dk ifj’khyu fd;k x;kA 11- lhfer vk’k; dk lwpuk&i= vijk/k dh izd`fr ds fo"k; esa tkjh fd;k x;k Fkk] ge izdj.k laca/kh viuh ehekalk dks mDr fcanq rd lhfer j[krs gSA 12- e`R;qdkfyd dFku tks fd vLirky esa e`frdk ds HkrhZ gksus ds dqN ?kaVks ckn gh vfHkfyf[kr fd,s x;s Fks] ij v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa us fo’okl LFkkfir fd;k gSA eftLVªsV ftlds }kjk e`R;qdkfyd dFku vfHkfyf[kr fd,s x;s Fks] ftldk uke fotsUnz flag iokj] vfHk- lk{kh dza- &15 gS] dV?kjs esa mifLFkr gq,s o mldk e`R;qdkfyd dFku fl) fd;kA mPp U;k;ky; } kjk vius fu.kZ; esa e`frdk }kjk fn;s x,s laiw.kZ dFku dks m)fjr fd;k gS] ftls e`R;qdkfyd dFku ds :i esa ekU; fd;k x;k gSA e`frdk dks iz’u iwNs tkus ij fd Þrqe dSls tyh]ß lfoLrkj mRrj e`frdk }kjk fn;k x;kA mDr iz’u o e`frdk }kjk fn,s x;s mRrj dks m)fjr djuk lehphu gksxk] tks fd fuEufyf[kr gS% iz’u% rqe dSls tyh\ mRrj% esjs o esjs ifr ds chp >xM+k py jgk Fkk] blh >xM+s ds nkSjku esjs ifr dh cgu dkyk tks fd esjs ?kj dh fupyh eafty ij jgrh gS] esjs ?kj vkbZ vkSj cksyh fd eS bls ns[krh gwW] vkSj tc eSa nw/k mcky jgh Fkh] mlus cRrhokyk LVkso mBk;k vkSj eq> ij iVd fn;k] ftlls iwjk dSjksflu rsy esjs 'kjhj ij QSy x;k vkSj blds tyrs Hkkx ds dkj.k esjs diM+ks us vkx idM+ yhA 13- ;g laKku esa ysuk izklafxd gksxk fd e`frdk ds ifr fot; flag dks Hkh /kkjk 302 lgifBr /kkjk 34 o 114 Hkk-n-l- ds vUrxZr vkjksfir fd;k x;k] ftls fopkj.k U;k;ky; } kjk nks"keqDr fd;k x;kA v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa ds le{k iqj%Llj dh xbZ lk{; esa ,slh dksbZ lk{; ugha gS fd vihykFkhZ o e`frdk ds chp rukoiw.kZ laca/k FksA laiw.kZ ?kVuk tks ?kfVr gqbZ mls e`frdk ds Lo;a ds }kjk e`R;qdkfyd dFku esa lfoLrkj of.kZr fd;k x;k gS\ ,slh dksbZ lk{; ugha gS ftlls bl fu"d"kZ ij igqWapk tk lds dh vihykFkhZ dk vk’k; gR;k djus dk FkkA e`frdk ds Lo;a ds dFkukuqlkj] >xM+k mlds o mlds ifr fot; flag ds chp py jgk Fkk o >xM+s ds nkSjku] vihykFkhZ tks fd fupyh eafty ij jgrh Fkh] ?kVuk ekSds ij igqWaphA ;g fook| ugha gks ldrk fd tc ,d O;fDr fdlh O;fDr ij tyrk gqvk LVkso Qsads rks mls bl ckr dk Kku gks fd ;g d`R; e`R;qdkjd gks ldrk gSA 14- fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds le{k vihykFkhZ }kjk ;g rdZ j[ks x,s Fks fd vf/kd ls vf/kd mls /kkjk 304& II Hkk-n-l- esa nks"kfl) fd;k tk;s] ftls Lohdkj ugha fd;k x;kA iSjk ua-&60 esa fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk mDr rdZ ij fopkj djrs gq,s fuEufyf[kr laizs{k.k vafdr fd,% PT Þ60] tgkWa rd iz’u vihykFkhZ ds vf/koDrk }kjk /kkjk 302 Hkk-n-l- dh txg /kkjk 304& II esa vijk/k dh fojpuk gsrw izLrqr rdksZ dk gS] ;g voxr djk;k tk pqdk gS fd vfHk;qDr dykckbZ }kjk yfyrk ckbZ ds flj ij tyrk gqvk LVkso Qsaddj mls 96% tyk;k x;kA MkWa- ,- ds- nhf{kr (PW-11) }kjk vius dFku esa dgk x;k fd muds fujh{k.k ds nkSjku tyk gqvk ?kko ik;k x;k] ?kkoksa dks ?kkrd (tkuysok) pksVsa fn[kk;k x;k gS o laiw.kZ 'kjhj dk ijh{k.k yfyrk ckbZ dh e`R;q ds 3 fnol mijkar fd;k x;kA MkW- jfoUnz flag pkS/kjh (vfHk- lk{kh&17) us e`R;q ds dkj.k& tyuk] vU; xaHkhj leL;k,sa] 'okl izfdz;k dk vojksf/kr gksuk bR;kfn crk;k gSAß 15- fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk ;g mfpr :i ls fu/kkZfjr fd;k gS fd vfHk;qDr dyk ckbZ }kjk tyrk gqvk LVkso e`frdk ij Qsadk x;k ijarq D;k ;g d`R; e~R;qdkfjr djus ds vk’k; ls fd;k x;k Fkk! bl ckr dks fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk laKkfir ugha fd;k x;kA 16- vihykFkhZ ds fo}ku U;k;k/kh’k us bl U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; tks gfj’kadj ds ekeys esa fn;k x;k Fkk] ij cy fn;k gSA mijksDr izdj.k esa Hkh vihykFkhZ us tyrk gqvk LVkso mBkdj e`rd ij QsadkA LVkso ls dSjksflu diM+ksa ij QSyk o diM+ksa us vkx idM+ yhA mDr izdj.k esa Hkh tyus ds dkj.k gh e`rd dh e`R;q gqbZA bl U;k;ky; us vo/kkfjr fd;k fd tc vihykFkhZ us tyrk LVkso e`rd ij Qsadk] og Kku j[krk Fkk fd mlds d`R; ls tyuk laHkkO; gS tks ifj.kker% e`R;q gks ldrk gSA fu.kZ; dk iSjk ua- 2]3 ,oa 4 dk m)j.k ;gkWa mi;ksxh gS tks fd fuEufyf[kr gS% Þ2- bl vihy esa ek= ;g iz’u gekjs }kjk fopkj.kh; gS fd mPp U;k;ky; }kjk ftu rF;ksa dks LFkkfir fd;k] muds vk/kkj ij vihykFkhZ }kjk dkSu lk vijk/k fd;k x;kA ;g ik;k x;k fd tc vihykFkhZ] e`rd Hkhe flag o ,d O;fDr 'kkg esxu ,;j QkslZ] 32 foax (,e-Vh-lsD’ku) esa pk; ys jgs Fks] vihykFkhZ }kjk m/kkj fn;s x;s 50000@& :i;ksa dh ekax vihykFkhZ }kjk djus ds dkj.k vihykFkhZ o e`rd ds chp dfri; 'kCnksa dk vknku&iznku (dgk&lquh) gqvkA vihykFkhZ mxz gks x;k o tyrk gqvk LVkso mBkdj e`rd ij Qsad fn;kA dSjksflu] LVkso ls fudydj diM+ksa ij QSy x;k o diM+ksa ds Tokykvksa ds laidZ esa vkus ls os vkx idM+ x,A ifj.kker% tyus dh otg ls e`rd dh e`R;q gks xbZA 3- vihykFkhZ ds fo}ku U;k;k/kh’k us dgk fd vihykFkhZ o e`rd ds chp dksbZ 'k=qrk ugha FkhA mldk vk’k; e`rd dks ekjus dk ugha Fkk] D;ksafd mls ekjus ls mlds m/kkj fn;s 50000@& :- olwy ugha gks ldrs FksA mUgksus vkxs dgk fd mu nksuksa esa >xM+k vpkud gqvk vkSj ml {k.k ds fo{kksHk esa vihykFkhZ us LVkso mBk;k vkSj e`rd dh rjQ Qsad fn;kA vr% mUgksaus dgk fd ;g vihykFkhZ dk ek= mrkoysiu o mis{kkiw.kZ <+ax ls fd;k x;k dk;Z gSA ge vf/koDrk dh bl ckr ls lger ugha gks ldrsA tc vihykFkhZ us tyrk gqvk LVkso e`rd dh rjQ Qsadk og tkurk Fkk fd bl d`R; ls tyuk laHko gS tks e`R;qdkjd gks ldrk gSA izdj.k ds rF; o PT ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks n`"Vhxkspj j[krs gq,s] mlds }kjk /kkjk 304& II Hkk-n-l- dk vijk/k dkfjr fd;k tkuk dgk tk ldrk gSA 4- vr% ge vihy va’kr% Lohdkj djrs gS] o vihykFkhZ dh nks"kfl)h /kkjk 302 ls /kkjk 304& II esa ifjofrZr dj n.Mkns’k vkthou dkjkokl ls y?kqd`r dj ikWap o"kZ lJe dkjkokl djrs gSAß 17- mijksDr fu.kZ; dk vuqlj.k djrs gq,s] ge ;g fopkj j[krs gS fd bl ekeys esa Hkh rF; o ifjfLFkfruqlkj vihykFkhZ }kjk /kkjk 304 Hkkx&II dk vijk/k dkfjr djuk dgk tk ldrk gSA 18- ifj.kker% ge vihy va’kr% Lohdkj djrs gq;s vihykFkhZ dh nks"kflf) dks /kkjk 302 Hkk-n-l- ls ifjofrZr dj /kkjk 304 Hkkx&II Hkk-n-l- djrs gq,s vkthou dkjkokl ds n.Mkns’k dks] ikWap o"kZ lJe dkjkokl esa y?kqd`r djrs gSA........................................... J. ( ASHOK BHUSHAN ) ........................................... J. ( K. M. JOSEPH ) New Delhi, April 30, 2019 izR;k[;ku%& ^^LFkkuh; Hkk"kk esa vuqokfnr U;k;fu.kZ; ek= i{kdkjksa dks mudh Hkk"kk esa le>us i;ZUr gh lhfer gS ,oa fdlh vU; mn~ns’; gsrq mi;ksxkFkZ ugha gSA lHkh O;kogkfjd ,oa dk;kZy;hu mn~ns’;ksa gsrq] U;k;fu.kZ; ds vakXyHkk"kk laLdj.k dks gh izkekf.kd ekuk tkosxk rFkk fu"iknu ,oa fdz;kUo;u gsrq izHkkoh ekuk tkosxk A^^ Translated by: Smt. Prachiti Taranekar (Ju. Jud. Translator) PT

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