f7192d57ca1e06a9fb28bba095412089141365d1768514026fcb7001988df4fd

,e;jpa cr;r ePjpkd;wk; chpikapay; nky;KiwaPl;L mjpfhutuk;g[ chpikapay; nky;KiwaPL vz;fs; 8628?8629-2009 lhf;lh; v!;/ Fkhh; kw;Wk; gyh; /// nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fs;
?vjph;? v!;/ ,uhkyp';fk; /// vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh; jPh;g;g[iu khz;g[kpF ePjpaurh; jpU/ ncwke;j; Fg;jh:
,uz;lhk; nky;KiwaPl;oy;. Kjy; nky;KiwaPl;L ePjpkd;wj;jhy; tH';fg;gl;l jPh;g;g[iu kw;Wk; jPh;g;ghizapy; jiyaPL bra;ag;glhJ vd;gjhf 2007?Mk;
Mz;L khh;r; jp';fs; 6?Mk; ehsd;W bkl;uh!; cah; ePjpkd;wj;jhy; tH';fg;gl;l
;jPh;g;g[iu kw;Wk; jPh;g;ghizapy; kdf;Fiwa[w;W. gpujpthjpfs; nky;Kiwapl;Ls;sdh;/
2/ thjp?vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh; ,U chpik tHf;Ffisj; jhf;fy; bra;jhh;/ Kjyhtjhf. tHf;Fiuapy; ABCD?Mf fhl;lg;gl;l eilghijia gpujpthjpfs; gad;gLj;Jtij vjph;j;J cWj;Jf;fl;lis nfhhpa[k;. nkw;go eilghijiag; gad;gLj;Jtjw;F jdpa[hpik nfhhpa[k; K/t/ vz; 2251-1985?I jhf;fy; bra;jhh;/ gpujpthjpfspd; epykhd EFGH?I brd;wiltjw;fhd eilghijiag; gad;gLj;JtjpypUe;J thjpia jLj;J epWj;JtjpypUe;J gpujpthjpfis jLf;ff;nfhhp kw;bwhU tHf;fhd K/t/ vz; 9158-1986 jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;lJ/
3/ Kjy; chpik tHf;fpy; gpujpthjpfs; ABCD eilghijia mth;fsJ brhj;jpy; EiHa[k; njitf;fhd tHpa[hpikahff; bfhz;Ls;sdh; vd;W jPh;khdpj;J. 1991?Mk; Mz;L Vg;uy; jp';fs; 22?Mk; ehsd;W mt;t[hpik tHf;Ffis fw;wwpe;j tprhuiz ePjpkd;wk; js;Sgo bra;jJ/ MapDk;. Kjy; nky;KiwaPl;L ePjpkd;wkhdJ. nkw;go gpujpthjp bksg;nu!; rhiyapYs;s mtuJ fzthpd; brhj;J tHpahfr; bry;Yk; chpik bfhz;Ls;sjhy;. mtUf;F trjpa[hpikf;fhd njitapy;iy vd;W jPh;khdpj;J. ntz;Liuj;jgo cWj;Jf;fl;lis tH';fp. 1993?Mk; Mz;L brg;lk;gh; jp';fs; 16?Mk; ehsd;W
//2// nky;KiwaPl;il mDkjpj;jJ/ cah; ePjpkd;wk; 2007?Mk; Mz;L khh;r; jp';fs;
6?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l jPh;g;g[iu K:yk; Kjy; nky;KiwaPl;L ePjpkd;wj;jpd; jPh;g;g[iu kw;Wk; jPh;g;ghizia epiyepWj;jpa[s;sJ/
4/ jw;nghija nky;KiwaPl;ow;F tHpnfhYk; bghUz;ikfshtd. rp/vy;/ ,uh$nrfud;. brd;id khefuj;jpy; bksg;nu!; rhiyapYs;s bghpa mstpyhd epyj;jpd; chpikahsuhthh;/ mth; btt;ntwhd K:d;W fpiua
Mtz';fis gy;ntW njjpfspy; epiwntw;wpdhh;/ 3483/66 rJuo gug;gst[ bfhz;l brhj;J bjhlh;ghd Kjy; fpiua MtzkhdJ. 1?Mk; gpujpthjpahd gp/ rptuhkDf;fhjuthf. 1973?Mk; Mz;L ork;gh; jp';fs; 5?Mk; ehsd;W epiwntw;wg;gl;lJ/ mUfpYs;s kw;bwhU epykhd 1062 rJuo gug;gstpyhd epykhdJ 1976?Mk; Mz;L Vg;uy; jp';fs; 1?Mk; ehspl;l fpiua Mtzk;
K:yk; 1?Mk; gpujpthjpapd; kidtpahd ,yc&;kp rptuhkdhy; th';fg;gl;lJ/ thjp. 1978?Mk; Mz;L nk jp';fs; 13?Mk; ehsd;W 3525 rJuo gug;gstpyhd epyj;ij th';Ftjw;fhf rp/vy;/ ,uh$nrfuDld; cld;gof;if xd;iw bra;Jbfhz;lhh;. Mdhy;. Fwpj;jtif epiwntw;wYf;fhd chpik tHf;fpy; jPh;g;ghiz tH';fg;gl;l gpd;dh;. 1978?Mk; Mz;L nk jp';fs; 13?Mk; ehsd;W fpiua Mtzk; epiwntw;wg;gl;lJ/
5/ 1?Mk; gpujpthjpf;F tpw;fg;gl;l epykhdJ. bksg;nu!; rhiyia xl;oapUe;jJ. Mdhy;. 2?Mk; gpujpthjpahy; th';fg;gl;l epykhdJ. 1?Mk; gpujpthjpahy; th';fg;gl;l epyj;jpd; gpd;gFjpia xl;oapUe;jJ/ 1988?Mk;
Mz;L nk jp';fs; 31?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l fpiua Mtzj;jpd;go thjp eilghij bjhlh;ghf jdpg;gl;l gad;ghl;L chpik nfhhpanj gpur;rpidapYs;s tplakhFk;. mg;goapUf;f. 2?Mk; gpujpthjp. fpiua Mtzj;jpy; mtUf;fhjuthf cs;s thrf';fspd;goa[k;. mth; epyk; th';fpa ehs;Kjy; me;eilghijiag; gad;gLj;jp te;jpUf;fpwhh; vd;w bghUz;ikapd; mog;gilapYk;. mtuhy; th';fg;gl;l epyj;jpw;fhd eilg;ghijapd; chpikia nfhUfpwhh;/
6/ jug;gpdh;fSf;fhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"h;fshy; vGg;gg;gl;l mtutUf;Fhpa thj';fis ehk; ftdpg;gjw;F Kd;g[. fpiua Mtzk; Fwpj;j
//3// rpy bghUz;ikr;rhh;e;j mk;r';fs; gpur;rpidf;Fhpaitahf cs;sd/ thjpf;fhd fw;wwpe;j K:j;j tHf;Fiu"uhd jpU/ gre;j; mth;fshy; 1973?Mk; Mz;L ork;gh; jp';fs; 5?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l fpiua Mtzj;jpd; efyhdJ rkh;g;gpf;fg;gl;lJ/ tiuglj;jpy; Fwpf;fg;gl;lJk;. fpiua Mtzj;Jld;
,ize;j gl;oaypy; tpthpf;fg;gl;lJkhd epyg;gFjpa[k;. nkw;go brhj;jpy;
,Jtiu tpw;gidahsuhy; mDgtpf;fg;gl;L te;j midj;J chpikfs;. chpikK:yk;. ghj;jpaij Mfpatw;Wld; fHpt[ePh; tHpa[hpikfs;. trjpa[hpikfspd; gad;fs;. brhj;Jld; ,ize;j gpw Jizg;bghUl;fs; kw;Wk; rYiffs; midj;ija[k; nrh;j;J midj;J tHpfisa[k; nkw;go gpujpthjpf;F chpikkhw;wk; mspf;fg;gLfpwJ vd nkw;go fpiua Mtzk; TWfpwJ/ epyj;jpd; gug;gsthdJ 3483/66 rJuo/ mjhtJ. 44 mo 3 m';Fyk; x 44 mo vd;W epy tiuglk; fhl;LfpwJ/ nkw;go chpikkhw;wk; bra;ag;gl;l epyj;jpid mLj;J epy tiuglj;jpYs;s 12 mo mfyk; bfhz;l ePz;l brt;tf mikg;g[ila epyg;gFjp cs;sJ/
7/ fpiua Mtzj;jpy; ,izf;fg;gl;l ml;ltizapy; cs;s epy tiuglj;jpy; rptg;g[ epwj;jpy; FwpaPL bra;ag;gl;Ls;s gFjpahdJ. 2?Mk; gpujpthjpf;F chpikkhw;wkspf;fg;gl;Ls;sjhf ,Uf;ifapy;. fpiua Mtzk;
(gp/rh/M/1)?,y; cs;sthW. mnj thrf';fisf; bfhz;l 1976?Mk; Mz;L
Vg;uy; 1?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l ,uz;lhk; fpiua MtzkhdJ 1062 rJuo gug;gstpyhd kidf;FhpajhFk;/ mry; kidg;gphpt[ tiuglj;jpYs;s epwj;ij
,f;fl;lj;jpy; khw;wKoahJ. Mdhy;. 12 mo mfyKs;s brt;tf mikg;g[ila epyg;gFjpf;F mUfpYs;s 3 m';Fyk; x 24 mo gug;gstpyhd 44 mo epyk;
2?Mk; gpujpthjpf;F chpikkhw;wkspf;fg;gl;lJ vd;W fpiua Mtzk;
(gp/rh/M/4)?cld; ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;s Mtzj;jpypUe;J bjhpatUtjhf jug;gpdh;fshy; xg;g[f;bfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sJ/ thjp. mnj gFjpapy; mjhtJ. 2?Mk; gpujpthjpf;F tpw;fg;gl;l epyj;jpd; gpd;g[wj;jpy;. 1988?Mk; Mz;L nk jp';fs;
31?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l fpiua Mtzk; K:yk; epyk; th';fpdhh;/ nkw;go fpiua
Mtzj;jpd; M?ml;ltiz brhj;J fPH;f;fz;lthW vLj;Jiuf;fpwJ:
//4//
@M ? *ml;ltiz* brd;id 600 018. MH;thh;ngl;il. Kjy; FWf;F bjU. bksg;nu!; rhiyapy; mike;Js;s gpshl; 7?m?,d; xU gFjpahd g[y vz;
3682 (gFjp)?,y; cs;s epyg;gFjp aht[k; fpHf;F?nkw;fhf 56 mo mst[k;. nkw;F gf;fj;jpy; tlf;fpypUe;J bjw;fhf tlf;F gFjpapy;
57*6*. bjw;F gFjpapy; 66 moa[k;. fpHf;F gFjpapy; tlf;F bjw;fpy;
61 moa[k; epy tiuglj;jpy; rptg;g[ epwj;jpy; EFGH vd FwpaPL bra;ag;gl;Lk;. bkhj;jj;jpy; 3525 rJuo cld; fpHf;F nkw;fhf 16 mo mfyKs;s eilghija[k; epytiuglj;jpy; tlf;F?bjw;fhf 103 mo ePsk; ABCD vd FwpaPL bra;ag;gl;Lk;. th';Fgthpd; jdpg;gl;l gad;ghl;Lf;fhf gr;ir epwj;jpy; FwpaPL bra;ag;gl;Lk; cs;s mjd; vy;iyfs;; tlf;fpy;: rptuhkd; kw;Wk; ,yc&;kp rptuhkDf;F brhe;jkhd tPLk;. kida[k;/ xxx xxx xxx"
8/ nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fs;?gpujpthjpfSf;fhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"h; brhj;J tpw;wthpd; Tw;iwf; Fwpg;gpl;L. mjpy; mth; tHf;Fr; brhj;ij K:d;W ghf';fshf gphpj;Js;sjhff; Twpa[s;shh;/ mth; fpiua Mtzk; th/rh/M/18?,d;go. thjpf;F 16 mo eilghijia jdpg;gl;l chpikahf mspj;Js;shh; vd;Wk;. mtiuj;jtpu ntbwtUf;Fk; ve;j chpikiaa[k; mspf;ftpy;iy vd;Wk; Fwpg;gpl;oUe;jhh;/ FWf;F tprhuizapd;nghJ. guj bul;o kw;Wk; jw;nghJ nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fshd vjph;kDjhuh;fspd; brhj;JfSf;fpilna 16\ mo eilghij tpl;L. mth; fpiua Mtzj;ij guj bul;of;F Mjuthf 1983?Mk; Mz;oy; epiwntw;wpaij xg;g[f;bfhz;lhh;/ nkw;go eilghijapd; ePsk; 106 mo kw;Wk; mfyk; 16 moahFk;/ nkYk;.
1976?Mk; Mz;oypUe;J 16 x 106 mo mst[ila epyj;ij ,uz;lhk; vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh; jd;Dila eilghijahfg; gad;gLj;jp te;jjhf xg;g[f;bfhz;lhh;/
//5//
9/ mjw;Fkhwhf. thjpf;fhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"h;. th';fg;gl;l epyj;jpy; 222 rJuo jtpu. 2?Mk; gpujpthjpahy; mtuJ fzthpd; rhh;ghf
1976?Mk; Mz;L $^d; jp';fs; 7?Mk; ehsd;W epiwntw;wg;gl;l bfhilahtzk;
Fwpj;J Fwpg;gpl;lhh;/ Kjypy; 4 fput[z;L epy';fis mjhtJ 1?Mk; gpujpthjpahy; 1\ fput[z;L epyKk;. kPjKs;s 2\ fput[z;L epykhdJ. 2?Mk; gpujpthjpahYk; th';fg;gLtjhf xg;ge;jkplg;gl;lJ vd;W thjpLtjw;F 1?Mk; gpujpthjpahy; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;lJk;. 2?Mk; gpujpthjpahy;
Vw;Wf;bfhs;sg;gl;lJkhd me;j vjph;tHf;Fiuiaa[k; thjpf;fhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"h; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shh;/ 1?Mk; gpujpthjp. 1973?Mk; Mz;L ork;gh; jp';fs;
5?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l fpiua Mtzk; K:yk; 1\ fput[z;L epyj;ij th';fpdhh;/
Mdhy;. epy cr;rtuk;g[ gpur;rpidfs; fhuzkhf ,uz;lhk; gpujpthjp. 2\ fput[z;L epyj;jpypUe;J 1\ fput[z;L epyj;ij kl;Lnk th';fpdhh;/ 1?Mk; gpujpthjpahf Kd;dpiyahd gp/rh/1 rptuhkd; 1976?Mk; Mz;L jdJ kidtpapd; bgahpy; 1200 rJuo gug;gst[ila epyj;ij th';fpajhf rhd;Wiuj;Js;sij thjpf;fhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"h; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shh;/ nkw;go gpujpthjp jdJ kidtpapd; bgahpy; th';fpa epyj;jpypUe;J 840 rJuo epyj;ij jdf;fhjuthf vGjpf;bfhz;lij xg;g[f;bfhz;Ls;shh;/ Mjyhy;. nkw;go brhj;jhdJ. gpujpthjpfs; ,UtuhYk; Tl;lhf gad;gLj;jg;gLtjw;F jpl;lkplg;gl;lJ/ 1?Mk; gpujpthjpapd; epykhdJ. bksg;nu!; rhiyf;F mLj;Js;sjhy;. gpujpthjpfs; th';fpa mtuth;fSf;Fhpa gFjpfSf;F bry;Yk; tHpt[hpik bfhz;Ls;sdh;/ vdnt. 2?Mk; gpujpthjp njitf;fhd trjpa[hpik
VJk; nfhuKoahJ/
10/ mj;jifa bghUz;ikfspd; mog;gilapy;. gpujpthjpfSf;fhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"hpd; thjk; ,UtifahdjhFk;/
Kjyhtjhf. 2?Mk; gpujpthjpahy; th';fg;gl;l brhj;jpw;F bry;Yk; tHpa[hpik 1976?Mk; Mz;L Vg;uy; jp';fs; 1?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l fpiua
Mtzj;jpy; xJf;fPL bra;ag;gl;lJ/ Mfnt. 2?Mk; gpujpthjp kw;Wk; thjpf;F tpw;w brhj;ij thjpapd; gad;ghl;Lf;fhf kl;Lk; eilghijiag; gad;gLj;Jk; jdpg;gl;l chpikia mspf;fKoahJ/ Mfnt. thjpf;F
//6// mspf;fg;gl;l jdpg;gl;l chpikahdJ. 1882?Mk; Mz;L. brhj;Jhpik khw;Wr; rl;lj;jpd; gphpt[ 48?f;F vjpuhdjhFk;. Mjyhy;. thjpapd; gad;ghl;ow;fhd jdpg;gl;l chpikaspj;J tpw;Fk; chpik VJk; tpw;gtUf;F ,y;iy/
,uz;lhtJ thjkhdJ. 2?Mk; gpujpthjp. 1?Mk; gpujpthjpapd; kidtp vd;gjhnyna nkw;go gpujpthjpf;F fpiua Mtzj;jpy; Fwpg;gpl;L mspf;fg;bgw;w eilghij chpikiag; gwpj;JtplhJ/ kw;wtifapY';Tl. nkw;go gpujpthjp jdJ epyj;jpw;F bry;Yk; njitf;fhd trjpa[hpikiag; bgw;Ws;shh;/ mtuhy; th';fg;gl;l brhj;jpd; xU gFjpia mtuJ fzth; rhh;ghf chpikkhw;wg;gl;lijj; bjhlh;e;J. mth; kw;bwhU gpujpthjpapd; kidtpahf
,Uf;f neh;e;jjhnyna mr;brhj;jpw;F bry;Yk; jdp eilghij chpikiag; gwpj;JtplhJ/ 2?Mk; gpujpthjpaplkpUe;J brhj;J khw;wk; bgw;wth;. 1976?Mk;
Mz;L Vg;uy; jp';fs; 1?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l fpiua Mtzk; K:yk; mtUf;F tH';fg;gl;Ls;s mt;t[hpikia jf;fitj;Jf;bfhs;thh;/ Mfnt. njitf;fhd trjpa[hpik vd;fpw nfhl;ghl;oidf; fUj;jpw;bfhz;L. 2?Mk; gpujpthjp mtuJ fzth; rhh;ghd fpiuaj;jpw;F gpwF. ,uz;L Mz;LfSf;F nkyhf. mjhtJ.
1976?Mk; Mz;L Vg;uy; jp';fs; 1?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l xU jdp fpiua
Mtzj;jpd; thapyhf mtuhy; th';fg;gl;l brhj;jpw;F bry;Yk; me;j eilghijiag; gad;gLj;Jk; chpikiag; bgw;Ws;shh;/ mtnu. th';fg;gl;l rpwpa epyg;gFjpapd; chpikahsuhf bjhlh;e;jpUg;ghh;/
11 khwhf. thjpf;fhd fw;wwpe;j K:j;j tHf;Fiu"uhd jpU/ gre;j;. trjpa[hpikahdJ K:d;W tiffshFk;. mjhtJ. mJ Fwpg;gpl;L tH';fg;gLfpwnghnjh my;yJ njitf;fhd trjpa[hpikahfnth my;yJ ePlDnghf trjpa[hpikahfnth ,Uf;fyhk; vd thjpl;lhh;/ gpujpthjpfshy; ePlDnghf trjpa[hpikf;fhd tHf;F VJk; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gltpy;iy/ nkYk;.
1882?Mk; Mz;L ,e;jpa trjpa[hpikfs; rl;lk;. gphpt[ 14?,d;go. njitf;fhd trjpa[hpik VJkpy;iy. mt;thW trjpa[hpikf;fhd njit ,Uf;Fnkahdhy;. mjd; njit Kot[WfpwnghJ mHpe;JtpLfpwJ/ cwPnuh tpndhj;
(,sth;) ?vjph;? nrc&k;khs; (2006) 5 v!;/rp/rp/ 545 vd;w jPh;g;g[iuapd;nky;
//7// rhh;t[wg;gl;Ls;sJ/ fpiua Mtzj;jpd; thrf';fspd;go. Fwpg;ghf 2?Mk; gpujpthjpf;F tH';fg;glhj trjpa[hpikfs; bghJg;gilahd jd;ika[ilait. gpujpthjpfSf;F tpw;fg;gLk; epyj;jpw;F KGikahd chpikK:yj;ij mspg;gjw;fhfnt fpiua Mtzk; vGJnthuhy; tHf;fkhf mt;thW vGjg;gLfpwnjad;wp. mJ gpujpthjpfSf;F ve;jbthU trjpa[hpikfisa[k; tH';Ftij cs;slf;fhJ vd;Wk; thjplg;gl;Ls;sJ/
12/ eh';fs; jug;gpdh;fSf;fhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"h;fspd; tphpthd thj';fisf; nfl;L. gpujpthjpfSf;fhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"uhy; vGg;gg;gl;l thJiufspYs;s jFjpf;TWfis fz;lwpe;Js;nshk;/ gjpthtzj;jpy; K:d;W jdpj;jdp epy tiugl';fs; cs;sd/ KjyhtJ. 1?Mk; gpujpthjpahd gp/ rptukDf;F 1973?Mk; Mz;L ork;gh; jp';fs; 5?Mk; ehsd;W tpw;fg;gl;l epyj;jpw;fhdjhFk;/ nkw;brhd;d epy tiuglj;jpy; tpw;fg;gl;l epyj;jpw;F gf;fj;jpYs;s epyk; KGJk; 12 mo mfy Jz;;L epykhf ePz;L fplf;fpwJ.
,uz;lhtJ epy tiuglkhdJ. 2?Mk; gpujpthjpf;F tpw;fg;gl;l epyj;jpw;fhdjhFk;// epyj;jpd; vy;iyia xl;oapUf;Fk; mnj 12 mo mfyKila epyj;Jz;L 2?Mk; gpujpthjpf;F 1976?Mz;L Vg;uy; jp';fs; 1?Mk; ehs; cilikkhw;wk; bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ vd;gij mJ fhl;LfpwJ/ K:d;whtJ epy tiuglkhdJ. 2?Mk; gpujpthjpf;F tpw;fg;gl;l epyj;jpw;F gf;fj;jpYs;s gFjp bjhlh;ghf. 1978?Mk; Mz;L nk jp';fs; 13?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l xg;ge;jk;
K:yk; thjpf;F tpw;fg;gl;l epyj;Jld; ,ize;jjhFk;/ MapDk;. 16 mo mfyKk; 103 mo ePsKk; cs;s epyj;Jz;L. 2?Mk; gpujpthjpf;F tpw;fg;gl;l kidapd; btspg;g[w vy;iya[ld; KotilfpwJ vd;gJ ml;ltizapypUe;J bjhpfpwJ/
13/ fpiua Mtzj;jpYs;s thrfkhdJ bghJg;gilahdJk;. bghJthf
Mtzk; vGJnthuhy; vGjg;gLtJjhd; vd;gjhnyna mtUf;F tH';fg;gl;l eilghijf;fhd trjpa[hpikia 1 kw;Wk; 2?Mk; gpujpthjpfspd; cwt[Kiwahy;
,y;yhjjhf;fg;glhJ/ 2?Mk; gpujpthjpf;fhf xJf;fg;gl;l trjpa[hpikfs; jpl;ltl;lkhf Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sjhYk; 16 mo mfyKs;s Jz;Lepyj;jpw;F mt;thrfk; Mjutspg;gjhYk; gpujpthjpfshy; th';fg;gl;l kidg;gFjpf;F
//8// bry;Yk; tHpia tifbra;tJld; thjpf;Fk; tifbra;fpwJ/ tpw;fg;gl;l brhj;jpw;F gf;fj;jpYs;s epyj;jpd; tHpahf bry;Ytjw;fhd chpikia mspj;J epyk; tpw;fg;gl;Ltpl;ljhy;. mj;jifa chpikahdJ 1988?Mk; Mz;L nk jp';fs; 31?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l fpiua Mtzj;jpy; thjpf;F jdpg;gl;l chpikahf tH';fg;gl;oUf;ff;TlhJ/
14/ nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fSf;fhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"h;. 1882?Mk; Mz;L brhj;Jhpik khw;Wr; rl;lj;jpd; gphpt[ 48?I rhh;e;Jepd;whh;/ mJ. ,t;thW
TWfpwJ:-
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15/ ,uh$nrfud; vd;gth; xnu brhj;jhd. mjhtJ. 16 mo mfyKila
Jz;Lepyj;jpd;kPJ btt;ntW fhy';fspy; chpikfis Vw;gLj;jpa[s;shh;/ mj;jifa chpikfs; midj;Jk; xUnru KG mstpw;F ,Ue;J tUjnyh my;yJ braYWj;jg;gLjnyh ,ayhjpUf;fpwtplj;J. gpd;dh;. Vw;gLj;jg;gl;l xt;nthh; chpika[k; Ke;ija Vw;gLj;jg;gl;l chpikfSf;F cl;gl;oUf;Fk; vd;W nkw;go tifak; fUj;Jiuf;fpwJ/ Ke;ija chpikkhw;wk; bgWeiu fl;Lg;gLj;Jfpw rpwg;g[ xg;ge;jnkh my;yJ xJf;fPnlh Vw;gLj;jg;gl;oUe;jhy; mJ tpjptpyf;fhdjhFk;/ 1988?Mk; Mz;L nk jp';fs; 31?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l fpiua Mtzj;jpy; thjpf;F mspf;fg;gl;l jdpg;gl;l chpikahdJ. Ke;ija chpikkhw;wk; bgWeuhd 2?Mk; gpujpthjpia fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; rpwg;g[ xg;ge;jnkh my;yJ xJf;fPnlh bfhz;oUf;Fk;/ mf;fhyk;tiuapy; mJ rl;lg;g{h;tkhdjhfhJ
//9// vd;W bghUs;gLk;/ 2?Mk; gpujpthjpf;F eil tHpa[hpikaspj;J 1976?Mk;
Mz;L Vg;uy; jp';fs; 1?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l fpiua Mtzj;jpy; xJf;fPL bra;ag;gl;Ls;sjhy;. epyk; tpw;wth; 1988?Mk; Mz;L nk jp';fs; 1?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l fpiua Mtzk; K:yk; thjpf;F jdpg;gl;l chpikia mspj;jpUf;ff;TlhJ/
16/ thjp. 1988?Mk; Mz;L nk jp';fs; 31?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l jdJ fpiua Mtzj;jpYs;s thrfj;jpd;go. 16 mo mfyKila eilghijia vt;thwhapDk; epiyehl;lntz;Lk;/ vdnt. 2?Mk; gpujpthjpnah my;yJ mtuJ chpikkhw;wk; bgWeh;fnsh eilghijiag; gad;gLj;Jthh;fshdhy;. gpd;dh;
2?Mk; gpujpthjpahnyh. mtuJ chpikkhw;wk; bgWeh;fshnyh me;eilghijg; gad;gLj;jg;gLtjhy; thjpf;F ghjpg;ngJk; tpistpg;gjhff; TwKoahJ/
17/ njitf;fhd trjpa[hpik Kot[f;F te;Jtpl;lhy;. trjpa[hpik mHpe;JtpLfpwJ vd;w thjkhdJ jw;nghija tHf;fpd; bghUz;ikfSf;F bghUe;jj;jf;fjy;y/ ,U gpujpthjpfSk; ,we;jgpd;dh;. ,U gpujpthjpfSf;Fs;s chpik. chpikK:yk; kw;Wk; ghj;jpaij. jw;nghJ xU eghplnk
,ize;JtpLfpwJ vd;w bghUz;ikapd; mog;gilapyhdnj ,t;thjkhFk;/
1976?Mk; Mz;oy; chpikK:y Mtzj;jpypUe;nj jug;gpdh;fspd; chpikfs; vGfpd;wd/ nkYk;. tHf;F jhf;fy; bra;j ehsd;W cs;sthwhd jug;gpdh;fspd; chpikfspd;nghpnyna mtw;iw rl;lg;go jPh;khdpf;fntz;oa[s;sd/ xnu eghplk; brhj;J kug[hpikahf brd;wiltjw;fhd gpe;jpa epfH;t[fs;. 2?Mk; gpujpthjp.
1?Mk; gpujpthjpf;F epyj;jpd; xUgFjpia bfhilahf mspj;Js;sjhnyh my;yJ ,U gpujpthjpfspd; ,wg;gpw;Fg;gpwF. bghJthd rl;l eltof;iffs;
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//10//
1882?Mk; Mz;L ,e;jpa trjpa[hpikfs; rl;lj;jpd; gphpt[ 41?,d;go mHpf;fg;glhJ/
20/ mjidf; fUj;jpw;bfhz;L. cah; ePjpkd;wj;jhy; tH';fg;gl;Ls;s jPh;g;g[iu kw;Wk; jPh;g;ghiz btspg;gilahd gpiHahy; ghjpg;giltjhf eh';fs; fhz;fpnwhk;/ Mjyhy;. mit rl;lj;jpd;fPH; epiyepWj;jg;gl ,ayhJ/ mjd;go. nky;KiwaPLfs; mDkjpf;fg;gLfpd;wd/ gpujpthjpfspd; brhj;jpw;F gf;fj;jpYs;s thjpapd; brhj;jpw;F bry;Yfpd;w 16 mo x 103 mo eilghij
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