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(rpwg;g[ mDkjp kD (chpikapay;) vz; 21306-2019?ypUe;J vGfpwJ) mnrhf; Fkhh; Fg;jh kw;Wk; xUth; /// nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fs;
?vjph;? jp-s;/ rPjhyc&;kp rhcw^thyh kUj;Jt mwf;fl;lis kw;Wk; gyh; /// vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fs; jPh;g;g[iu khz;g[kpF ePjpaurh; jpU/ cja; cnkc*&; yypj;:
1/ mDkjp tH';fg;gl;lJ/
2/ chpikapay; rPuha;t[ kD (epYit) vz; 2708-2013?,y; bkl;uh!; cah; ePjpkd;wj;jpdhy; tH';fg;gl;l 30/4/2019?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l ,Wjpj; jPh;g;g[iu kw;Wk; cj;jut[ Mfpatw;iw ,k;nky;KiwaPL vjph;j;Jiuf;fpwJ/
3/ nfhak;g[j;J}h; khtl;l ePjpgjp Kd;ghf. fPH;f;fhQqk; mog;gil bghUz;ikfisf;Twp. jw;bghGija nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fshy; mry; tHf;F vz; 566-2012?MdJ jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;lJ:-
@III/ 2?Mk; thjp. 1?Mk; thjpapd; kidtpahthh;/ 1?Mk; thjp.
2 kw;Wk; 3?Mk; gpujpthjpfspd; K:j;j kfdhthh;/
4?Mk; gpujpthjp. 2 kw;Wk; 3?Mk; gpujpthjpfspd;;
Mfpnahhpd; rnfhjhpia kze;Js;shh;/ thjpfs;. 1?Mk; gpujpthjp mwf;fl;lisapd; mw';fhtyh;fSk; kw;Wk; mwf;fl;lis tptu';fspy; mf;fiwa[s;s egh;fSk; Mth;; bghJey mwf;fl;lisahd 1?Mk; gpujpthjp mwf;fl;lisapd; eph;thfj;jpw;fhf. xU jpl;lj;ij tFg;gjw;fhf jw;bghGija tHf;ifj; jhf;fy; bra;fpd;wdh;/
(IV) 2?Mk; gpujpthjp 1959?Mk; Mz;oy; nfhak;g[j;J}hpy;
Foakh;e;jhh;; mth; jp-s;/ ,e;jpah nuhyh; `g;nshh; kpy;!; vd;w khthiy epWtdj;ij elj;jpte;jhh;/ 1?Mk; thjp. eilKiwapy; xU rpwe;j khztuhthh;; mth;. jFjpapd; mog;gilapy; kUj;Jtf; fy;Y}hpapy; mDkjpbgw;W. vk;/gp/gp/v!;/ Koj;J nfhak;g[j;J}h; kUj;Jtf; fy;Y}hpapy; kUj;Jtg; gl;lk; bgw;whh;/ mth;. kUj;Jtj;jpy; nkw;gog;g[ gapd;W. brd;id kUj;Jtf; fy;Y}hpapy; kUj;Jt
KJepiyg; gl;lk; bgw;whh;; ,t;thwhf. mth;. bkl;uh!; gy;fiyf; fHfj;jpy; gl;lk; bgw;w xU jFjptha;e;j kUj;Jtuhthh;/
2?Mk; gpujpthjpaplk; cs;sd/
(VI) mwf;fl;lisapd; nehf;f';fs; gphpt[ 1?,y; Twg;gLfpd;wd/ mtw;wpd; RUf;fk;: kUj;Jtkidfs;. rpfpr;ir mu';Ffs;.
Rfhjhug; gapw;rpfs;. eyk;ngzfk; (eh;!p'; ncwhk;) kfg;ngW ,y;y';fs; kw;Wk; rpfpr;ir ikak; (o!;bgd;rhp)
Mfpatw;iw epWtp. elj;Jtjd; K:yk;. epjpa[jtp kw;Wk; ed;bfhilfs; Mfpatw;iw epWtp guhkhpj;jy;. tH';Fjy; kw;Wk; kUj;JtkidfSf;fhd rhjd';fis mspj;jy;. fUtpfs; kw;Wk; Jiz cgfuz';fis tH';Fjy; nghd;wit/
1?Mk; thjp ed;kjpg;g[ld; Twpdhh;/ jFjptha;e;j kUj;Jtuhd 1?Mk; thjp. epWtdj;ijf; ftdpj;J eph;tfpg;ghh; vd;gijf; fUj;jpw;bfhz;Lk;. kUj;Jtkid xU gFjp eyg;gzpf;fhft[k; kw;Wk; 1?Mk; thjpf;fhft[k; elj;jg;gl Koa[bkd;Wk;. rKjhaj;jpYs;s kf;fSf;F nritbra;a mDkjpf;fg;gLk; nehahspfSf;fhf 1?Mk; thjpapd; Mnyhridiag; bgwKoa[k; vd;Wk; ,J jpl;lkplg;gl;lJ/
(VIII) mwf;fl;lisapd; Mtzj;jpd; fPH; epakpf;fg;gl;l ehd;F mw';fhtyh;fs;. ,U thjpfSk;. 2 kw;Wk; 3?Mk; gpujpthjpfSkhth; vd;gJk; kw;Wk; mth;fs;
Ma[l;fhyj;jpw;Fk; epakpf;fg;gl;ldh; vd;gJk; Kjd;ikahdJ
MFk;/ gphpt[ 10?,d;go 2?Mk; gpujpthjp nkyhz; bghWg;ghl;rpauhthh; kw;Wk; 1?Mk; thjp. ,iz nkyhz; bghWg;ghl;rpauhf epakpf;fg;gl;lhh;/
(IX) 9/4/1980?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l mwf;fl;lis Mtzj;jpy;.
23/3/1981?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l kw;bwhU Mtzj;jpd; K:yk; jpUj;jk; bra;ag;gl;lJ/ nehf;f';fSld; TLjyhf. ,ytr fy;tp. Mjutw;nwhh; Mrpuk';fis elj;Jjy;. ViHfSf;F cjt[jy; kw;Wk; jpUkz';fis elj;Jjy; Mfpa
(X) 15/3/1985?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l kw;bwhU Mtzj;jpd; K:yk; mwf;fl;lis Mtzj;jpy;. K:y nehf;f';fSld; bjhlh;gpy;yhj nehf;f';fs;. nkYk; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;ld/
24/11/1986?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l xU gjpag;gl;l Mtzj;jpd;
K:y';Tl. fld; th';Fk; mjpfhuk; mspj;J. mwf;fl;lis
Mtzj;jpy; jpUj;jk; bra;ag;gl;lJ/
(XI) mwf;fl;lisahdJ. 8/4/1985?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l fpiua
Mtzj;jpd; K:yk; bfsyp g;ut[d; rhiyapy; 33 brd;l; epyj;ij th';fp. 1987?88?Mk; Mz;oy;. xU kUj;Jtkidiaf; fl;o. 1?Mk; gpujpthjp mwf;fl;lis kUj;Jtkidahf epWtg;gl;lJ/ 1?Mk; thjp. 2003?04?Mk;
Mz;L tiuapy; kUj;Jtkidiaf; ftdpj;Jf; bfhz;oUe;jhh;/ mjd;gpe;ija 10 Mz;L fhy epfH;t[fspd; jpUg;g[KidahdJ fPnH tpthpf;fg;gLfpd;wd//////@/
4/ 2003?04?Mk; Mz;ow;F gpe;ija epfH;t[fspy; ftdk; brYj;jg;gl;lJ. 1?Mk; vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhshpd; rnfhjuUk; ve;jbthU kUj;Jtj; jFjpnah my;yJ kUj;Jtkidia elj;Jk; ve;jbthU epg[zj;Jtnkh kw;Wk; mwf;fl;lis elj;Jk; jpwndh bgw;wpuhj 4?Mk; gpujpthjp. mwf;fl;lisiaf; fl;Lg;gLj;jp itj;jpUe;jhh; kw;Wk;
Twg;gl;ljhtJ:-
@XXI. 1?Mk; gpujpthjp mwf;fl;lisapd; tptu';fspy; ePjpkd;wk;.
FWf;fplt[k; kw;Wk; chpath;fs; K:yk; mwf;fl;lisapd; eph;thfj;jpw;fhd jpl;l';fis tFf;ft[k; jFe;j fhyk; te;Jtpl;lbjd;Wk;. mjd;K:yk; mwf;fl;lisapd; nehf;f';fs; epiwntw;wg;gLk; vd;Wk; thjpfs; thjpl;ldh;/ gpujpthjpfs;. mwf;fl;lisr; brhj;Jfs; kw;Wk; mwf;fl;lisapd; tUthapypUe;J thGk;tifapy;. bghJey mwf;fl;lisia. bgaust[ mw';fhtyh;fspd; cjtpa[ld; jdpg;gl;l FLk;g mwf;fl;lisahf khw;wpf;bfhz;oUf;fpd;wdh;/ gpujpthjpfs;. mwf;fl;lisapd; nehf;f';fisg; g[wf;fzpj;J. kUj;Jtkidiaj; Jzpfu tzpfkhf khw;Wtjd; K:yk;. mwf;fl;lisahy; <l;lg;gl;l cz;ikahd tUthia kiwg;gjd; K:yk; mjid mgfhpj;J jP';fpiHf;fpd;wdh;/ gpd;tUk; fhuz';fSf;fhf jpl;lk; tFf;fg;glntz;oa[s;sJ:
1/ mwf;fl;lisapd; eph;thfkhdJ Kiwahdth;fspd; iffspy; ,Uf;fntz;Lk; kw;Wk; kUj;JtkhdJ chpa
2/ 1?Mk; gpujpthjp mwf;fl;lisapdhy; eyg;gzp VJk; g[hpag;gltpy;iy kw;Wk; fle;j 5 Mz;Lfshf nkw;go nehf;f';fSf;fhf bgha;ahd Mtz';fs; cUthf;fg;gLfpd;wd/ ,ytr kUj;Jt cjtp VJk; tH';fg;gLtjpy;iy kw;Wk; tH';fg;glt[k; mDkjpf;fg; gLtjpy;iy/ 1?Mk; thjp kl;Lk;jhd;. nehahspfSf;F
,ytr Mnyhrid tH';Ffpd;whh;/
3/ mwf;fl;lisapd; Kiwahd Tl;l';fs; elj;jg;gLtjpy;iy kw;Wk; Kiwahd Tl;l';fs; elj;jg;gLtjw;fhd eilKiwfs; gpd;gw;wg;gLtjpy;iy/ jPh;khd';fs; epiwntw;wg;gLtjpy;iy kw;Wk; epfH;r;rpf; Fwpg;g[fs;
VJk; gjpag;gLtjpy;iy/
4/ mwf;fl;lisapdhy; bgwg;gLk; cz;ikahd tUtha; fzf;F itf;fg;gLtjpy;iy kw;Wk; ,J. 2 Kjy; 5 tiuapyhd gpujpthjpfspd; brhe;jg; gad;ghl;ow;fhfr; rpWf rpWf ifahly; bra;ag;gLfpwJ/ tN:ypf;fg;gLk; gzkhdJ cldoahf mLj;j ehsd;W itg;gPL bra;ag;gLtjpy;iy/ Mdhy; 4?Mk; gpujpthjpahy; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ/
6/ 4?Mk; gpujpthjp y";rk; nfl;L gy;ntW bjhiffs; bgWtjhf kUj;Jth;fs; kw;Wk; nehahspfsplkpUe;J mof;fo KiwaPLfs; vGfpd;wd kw;Wk; 4?Mk; gpujpthjpapd;; eltof;iffisf; fz;fhzpj;J. mtUila tHpfisj; jpUj;jpf;bfhs;sg; gzpj;J. kUj;Jtkidapd; ew;bgaiug; ghJfhf;FkhW 1?Mk; thjpf;F jfty; mspf;fg;gl;lJ/
7/ gpujpthjpfs;. jpdrhp kUj;Jtkidf;F te;J fz;fhzpg;gjpy;iy/ 1?Mk; thjp. kUj;Jtkidapd; eph;thfk; kw;Wk; nkyhz;ik Mfpatw;wpy; g';nfw;gjpdpd;W jilbra;ag;gLfpwhh;/ Kiwahd fzf;Ffs; guhkhpf;fg;gLtjpy;iy/
8/ ,t;thwhf. gpujpthjpfs;. jtwhd nkyhz;ik kw;Wk; mgfhpj;jy; Mfpa Fw;w';fs; g[hpe;jth;fshfpd;wdh; kw;Wk; mth;fs; ek;gpf;ifj; Jnuhfk; ,iHj;j Fw;wk; g[hpe;jth;fshfpd;wdh; kw;Wk; mth;fs; gjtp tfpf;Fk; jFjpaw;wth;fshfpd;wdh;/ 8?Mk; gpujpthjp. 1?Mk; gpujpthjpapd;; mwf;fl;lisapd; fzf;ifg; guhkhpf;Fk;
5/ ,r;N:H;epiyfspy;. nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fs;. nkw;go tHf;fpy; gpd;tUk; ghpfhu';fis ntz;Lfpd;wdh;:-
@m) jp-s;/ rPjhyc&;kp rhcw^thyh kUj;Jt mwf;fl;lisahd
1?Mk; gpujpthjp mwf;fl;lisapd; eph;thfj;jpw;fhd
Kiwahd jpl;lj;ij tFj;J. 2 Kjy; 6 tiuapyhd gpujpthjpfis mwf;fl;lisapypUe;J ePf;fp. 1?Mk; gpujpthjp mwf;fl;lisapd; Kiwahd kw;Wk; Mf;fg;g{h;t eph;thfj;jpw;fhf. 1?Mk; thjp cl;gl bghJkf;fspypUe;J kUj;Jtj; jFjp tha;e;jth;fis g[jpa mw';fhtyh;fshf epakpj;jy;. g[jpjhf epakpf;fg;glt[s;s mw';fhtyh;fsplk;
1?Mk; gpujpthjp mwf;fl;lisapd; brhj;Jfis xg;gilj;jy;/
M) 6?Mk; gpujpthjpapd;; mw';fhtyh; epakdkhdJ. ,y;yhjJk; kw;Wk; rl;ltpnuhjkhdJkhFk; vd mwptpj;J 6?Mk; gpujpthjp. 1?Mk; gpujpthjp mwf;fl;lisapd; mw';fhtyuhf
,) mwf;fl;lisf; FGtpypUe;J 1?Mk; tHf;fhsiu ePf;Fk; eilKiwahdJ ,y;yhjJk;. rl;l tpnuhjkhdJk; kw;Wk; jPa vz;zj;jpYkhdJkhFk; vd mwptpf;ft[k;. mwf;fl;lisf; FGtpypUe;J thjpfis ePf;Fjy; my;yJ ePjpkd;wj;jpd; mDkjpapd;wp mwf;fl;lisia khw;wpaikj;jy; Mfpatw;wpypUe;J 2 Kjy; 6 tiuapyhd gpujpthjpfisj; jilbra;a[k; gpd;tpisthd epue;ju cWj;Jf;fl;lisia gpwg;gpj;jy;/
<) gpujpthjpfs;. 7?Mk; gpujpthjpia mw';fhtyuhf epakpg;gjpypUe;J. jilbra;a[k; kw;Wk; 7?Mk; gpujpthjp.
1?Mk; gpujpthjp mwf;fl;lisapd; mw';fhtyuhf bray;gLtjpypUe;J jilbra;a[k;. gpd;tpisthd epue;ju cWj;Jf;fl;lisiag; gpwg;gpf;fntz;Lk;/ c) 1?Mk; gpujpthjp mwf;fl;lisapd; fzf;Ffs; jdpbahU gl;laf; fzf;fuhy; jzpf;if bra;ag;glt[k; kw;Wk;
2 kw;Wk; 4?Mk; gpujpthjpfs;. 1?Mk; gpujpthjp mwf;fl;lisf;F brYj;jntz;oajhf mwpag;gLk; VnjDk; epYitj; bjhifiar; brYj;jt[k; gzpf;fntz;Lk;/
V) khz;g[kpF ePjpkd;wkhdJ. tHf;fpd; bghUz;ikfs; kw;Wk;
N:H;epiyfSf;nfw;g. cfe;jjhff; fUJk; gpw ghpfhu';fis tH';fntz;Lk;/@
6/ nkw;go tHf;Fld;. ,jd;gpd;dh; *rl;lk;* vd RU';f miHf;fg;gLk;
1908?Mk; Mz;ila chpikapay; tprhuizKiwr; rl;lg;gphpt[ 92?,d; fPH; tHf;Fj; bjhlu mDkjp nfhhp. nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fshy; t/tp/ vz; 1416-2012 jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;lJ/ nfhak;g[j;J}h;. khtl;l ePjpgjp 31/7/2012?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l cj;jutpd; K:yk; rl;lg;gphpt[ 92?,d; fPH; mDkjp tH';fpdhh;/ mjd;gpd;dh;. cldoahf 31/7/2012?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l cj;jutpd;K:yk; tH';fg;gl;l mDkjpia ePf;ff;nfhhp. 2?Mk; vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh; t/tp/ vz;
1435-2012?I jhf;fy; bra;jhh;/ ,jw;fpilapy;. tpz;zg;gj;jpw;fhjuthf. mj;jifa mDkjp tH';Ftjw;fhd Kiwahd fhuzj;ij tpz;zg;gnkh my;yJ cWjpbkhHp Mtznkh bjhptpf;ftpy;iy vdf; Twg;gl;L tHf;F elj;jg;gl;lJ/ nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fs; tHf;FK:yj;ij epWtpa[s;sdh;/ vdnt. Vw;bfdnt tH';fpa mDkjpia ePf;fntz;oaj; njitapy;iybad khtl;l ePjpgjp. 27/11/2012?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l cj;jutpd; K:yk; jPh;g;gspj;jhh;/
@18/ tHf;Fiuapd; gj;jp 18?,y;. 4?Mk; gpujpthjp. jd;Dila thH;thjhuj;ij <l;Ltjw;fhf kUj;Jtkidia elj;Jfpd;whh; kw;Wk; jd;Dila brhe;jg; gad;ghl;ow;fhf. mjd; tUthiaf; ifahly; bra;fpd;whh; vd;w Fw;wr;rhl;L cs;sJ/ fle;j gy;yhz;Lfshf. mw';fhtyh;fspd; Tl;lk;
VJk; elj;jg;glntapy;iy vd;w Fw;wr;rhl;L ,Ue;jJ/ kUj;Jtkidia eph;tfpf;f. gpujpthjpfs; jFjp tha;e;jth;fsy;yh;/ mwf;fl;lis Mtzj;jpYs;s tpjpfis kPwp. 6?Mk; gpujpthjp. mw';fhtyuhf EiHf;fg;gl;lhh; vd gj;jp 9?,y; Fw;w";rhl;lg;gl;lJ/ jzpf;ifaiu epakpf;ft[k;. fzf;Ffisr; rkh;g;gpf;ft[k; Tl;lk; VJk; elj;jg;gltpy;iy/
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20/ /// ifapYs;s ,t;tHf;fpy;. xg;g[f;bfhz;ltifapy;. 1?Mk; thjp xU kUj;Jtuhthh;/ mtUila fy;tpj; jFjpahdJ.
KJepiy mWit rpfpr;ir epg[zj;JtkhFk;/ 2?Mk; thjp mtUila kidtpahthh;/ mth;fs; mwf;fl;lisapd;
Kjy; mw';fhtyh;fshth;/ mth;fs; mwf;fl;lisapy; mf;fiwa[s;sth;fs; vd ghJfhg;ghf Kot[
@cWjpahd tHf;F epWtg;gl;lhyd;wp. rhjhuzkhf ePjpkd;wk; mDkjp tH';fntz;Lk;/ mjd;K:yk; tpdhthdJ. rhd;Wfs; gjpag;gl;lg; gpd;dh;
MH;e;J ghprPypf;fg;glKoa[k;/@
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21/ bghJey mwf;fl;lisahdJ epiyj;jpUf;ff;ToaJ kw;Wk; ePjpkd;wk; mjd; ghJfhtyuhFk; vd;gJ ed;F jPh;t[bra;ag;gl;ljhFk;/ tHf;fpd; bkhj;j bghUz;ikfs;
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1/ (2007) 1 vk;/vy;/n$/ 683
K:yj;ij epWtpa[s;sdh; vd ehd; Kot[ bra;fpd;nwd;/ vdnt. tHf;Fj; bjhlu ,e;ePjpkd;wj;jpdhy; tH';fg;gl;l mDkjpahdJ ePf;fg;glKoahJ/ mjw;fpz';f. fUj;jpw;F gjpyspf;fg;gLfpwJ/@
7/ vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;. chpikapay; rPuha;t[ kD. c/rP/k/ vz;
(epYit) 2708-2013?I jhf;fy; bra;tjd; K:yk;. khtl;l ePjpkd;wj;jpd; jPh;g;ig vjph;j;Jiuj;jhh;/ mjd;gpd;dh;. cldoahf 10/8/2012?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l mwf;fl;lisapd; Jiz Mtzj;jpd; fPH; nkw;bfhs;sg;gl;l jpUj;jkhdJ.
,y;yhjJk; kw;Wk; rl;ltpnuhjkhdJkhFk; vd mwptpf;fg;gLk; mwptpg;g[ jPh;g;ghiziaf; nfhhp nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fs; kw;Wk; mth;fSila ,uz;L kfd;fshy; kw;bwhU mry; tHf;fhd 1415-2013 jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;lJ/ eh';fs; jw;bghGJ nkw;Twg;gl;l mry; tHf;F vz; 1415-2013?I Fwpj;J ftiyg;gltpy;iy/
8/ tHf;F jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;lJ nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fspd; jdpg;gl;l chpikfis epahag;gLj;jg;gLtjw;fhdJ. c/tp/K/r/. gphpt[ 92?,d; fPHhd mDkjpahdJ tH';fg;gl;oUf;ff; Tlhbjd;Wk;. thj';fis Vw;W cah; ePjpkd;wkhdJ 30/4/2019?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l jPh;g;g[iu kw;Wk; cj;jutpd; K:yk; nkw;go rPuha;t[ kDit mDkjpj;jJ/ cah; ePjpkd;wj;jpdhy; fPH;f;fhQqkhW fUj;Jj; bjhptpf;fg;gl;lJ:
Kjd;ikahd nehf;f';fs;. bghJey mwf;fl;lisfs;. mw";rhh;e;j epWtd';fs;. Md;kPfj; jd;iktha;e;j epWtd';fs; Mfpatw;iw mtw;Wf;F vjpuhf tHf;Fj; bjhLj;J Jd;g[Wj;JjypypUe;J ghJfhj;jy; my;yJ tHf;Fiuapd; Tw;Wfspd; mog;gilapy; VnjDk; gzpj;jy;
(cj;jut[) bgWtjw;fhd njita[s;sjh> vd;gij ePjpkd;wk; ghh;j;Jf;bfhs;tjhFk;/ ek;gpf;ifj; JnuhfkhdJ cWjpg;gLj;jg;gltpy;iybadpy;. tHf;fpd; mog;gilahdJ jdpegh; chpikiar; rhh;e;jjhFk;; c/tp/K/r/. gphpt[ 92?,d; fPH; mDkjp tH';fg;glKoahJ/ mJnghd;W. ePjpkd;wK';Tl. ghpfhuk;. thjp tHf;F bjhLj;jpUf;Fk; jFjp kw;Wk; tHf;F bjhlug;gl;l nehf;fk;
Mfpatw;wpw;fg;ghy; bry;yKoa[k;/ tHf;fhdJ rl;lg;gphpt[
92?,d; tuk;gpw;Fs; tUfpwjh> vd;gJ tHf;Fiuapd; tptu';fspy; Kjypy; ftdpf;fg;glntz;oaJ vd;gJ cr;r ePjpkd;wj;jpd; jPh;g;g[fspypUe;J bjspthfpwJ/
23/ nkw;go ed;F jPh;t[bra;ag;gl;l epiyg;ghl;oypUe;J tHf;fhdJ. bghJ chpikia epiyehl;l jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;Ls;sjh> my;yJ jdpg;gl;l chpikia epiyehl;l jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;Ls;sjh> vd;gijna ehk; jw;bghGJ ghh;f;fntz;oa[s;sJ/ mwf;fl;lisahdJ.
5?I KGikahf thrpj;jjpy;. 1?Mk; thjp. mtUila bjhHpiy elj;Jk;bghUl;L. 2?Mk; gpujpthjp. kUj;Jtkidiaf; fl;l Kot[bra;jhh; vd;gJ 1?Mk; thjpapd; thjkhFk;/ vdpDk;. kUj;JtkidahdJ xU mweyg; gzp kUj;Jtkidahff; fUjg;gl;lJ/ tHf;Fiuapd; gj;jp 7?,y;. 1?Mk; thjp jd;Dila
Mnyhridia tH';fp. rKjhaj;jpw;F nritbra;a. nehahspfs; kUj;Jtkidapy; mDkjpf;fg;gl;ldh; vd;gJ thjpapd; thjkhFk;/ thjp. 2003 kw;Wk;
2004?Mk; Mz;L tiuapy; kUj;Jtkidia ftdpj;Jf; bfhz;oUe;jhh;/ 4?Mk; gpujpthjp vt;thW mwf;fl;lisapy;
EiHf;fg;gl;lhh; vd;gJ gj;jp 11 kw;Wk; 12?,y; thjplg;gLfpwJ; 2003 kw;Wk; 2004 tiuapy;. thjp kUj;Jtkidapd; eph;thfj;ij ftdpj;Jf;bfhz;oUe;j? bghGjpYk;. 4?Mk; gpujpthjp. bky;y mjpfhu';fisj; jtwhf ifg;gw;wj;Jt';fp. ,iz nkyhz;ik mw';fhtyuhdijf; Fwpj;J gj;jp 13?,y; thjplg;gLfpwJ/
4?Mk; gpujpthjp mDkjpg;gjpy;iybad gj;jp 13?,y; nkYk; Fw;w";rhl;lg;gLfpwJ/ 4?Mk; gpujpthjp. thlifapd; xU gFjpiag; gzkhfg; bgw;W. jd;Dila brhe;j brytpd';fSf;F gad;gLj;jpf;bfhs;fpwhh; vd gj;jp
14?,y; Twg;gLfpwJ/ tHf;Fiuapd; gj;jp 15?,y;.
1?Mk; thjpapd; kUj;Jtj; bjhHpYf;fhf fUjg;gl;l kUj;Jtkidapd; tpla';fis 4?Mk; gpujpthjp ftdpj;J te;Js;shh; vd;gJ 1?Mk; thjpapd; thjkhFk;/ cz;ikapy;. thjp. 2003?2004?Mk; Mz;oy; kUj;Jtkidiaf; ftdpj;Jte;jhh; vd;w mtUila Ke;ija thjj;jpw;F
,J KuzhdjhFk;/ gpujpthjpfs;. 3?Mk; gpujpthjpapd;; kfs; kw;Wk; kidtp Mfpnahiu mwf;fl;lisapy;
EiHj;Js;sdh; vd;gija[k;. 9/8/2012 md;W elj;jg;gltpUe;j Tl;lj;jpw;fhf. 23/7/2012?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l epfH;r;rp epuyhdJ Rw;wwpf;ifahf mDg;gg;gl;lJ vd;gija[k;. xl;Lbkhj;j thJiuahdJ bjspthfj; bjhptpf;fpwJ/@
9/ cah; ePjpkd;wj;jpdhy; nkw;bfhs;sg;gl;l fUj;ij vjph;j;Jk; ,k;nky;KiwaPl;oy;. nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fSf;fhd fw;wwpe;j K:j;j tHf;Fiu"h; jpU/ nf/tp/ tp!;tehjd; kw;Wk; vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fSf;fhd
10/ ,t;tHf;fpy; rk;ge;jg;gl;Ls;s mog;gilg; gpur;rpid ahbjdpy;. nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fSf;F. gphpt[ 92?,d; fPH; tprhuiz ePjpkd;wj;jpd; Kd; rhpahfnt mDkjp tH';fg;gl;ljh> vd;gjhFk;/ fPH;f;fhQqk; tpist[ila gphpt[
92?,d; bjhlh;g[ila tpjpfis eh';fs; Fwpg;gpLfpd;nwhk;:-
@92/ bghJ mwepiya epWtd';fs;/? (1) mweyg; gzp my;yJ
Md;kPfj; jd;ika[ila bghJ nehf;f';fSf;fhf cUthf;fg;gl;l btspg;gilahd my;yJ Mf;fg;g{h;tkhd mwf;fl;lisapd; ek;gpf;ifahdJ kPwg;gLk;gl;rj;jpy;. mj;jifa mwf;fl;lisapd; eph;thfj;jpw;fhf ePjpkd;wj;jpd; gzpj;jy; njitbadf; fUjg;gLfpwjh> vd;gJ Fwpj;J. muR jiyik tHf;Fiu"nuh my;yJ mwf;fl;lisapd; eydpy; mf;fiwa[s;s kw;Wk; ePjpkd;wj;jpd; mDkjp bgw;Ws;s ,uz;L my;yJ mjw;F nkw;gl;l egh;fs;. tHf;fhdJ rh;r;irf;FhpajhapDk; my;yJ ,y;iybadpDk; mJFwpj;Jj; jPh;g;ghizg;bgw Kjy; rl;ltuk;g[ila
Kjd;ik chpikapay; ePjpkd;wj;jpnyh my;yJ mwf;fl;lisapd; bkhj;j my;yJ gFjp tHf;FK:yk; mike;Js;s epyr; rl;ltuk;g[ila. khepy murpdhy;
(m) VnjDk; mw';fhtyh;fis ePf;Fjy;;
(M) xU g[jpa mw';fhtyiu epakpj;jy;;
(,) xU mw';fhtyhplk; VnjDk; brhj;ij xg;gilj;jy;;
(,,) ePf;fg;gl;Ls;s mw';fhtyh; my;yJ mw';fhtyh; gjtp Kot[w;wpUf;Fk; egiu. jd;Dila mDgtj;jpYs;s mwf;fl;lisr; brhj;ijg; bgWtjw;F chpika[ilathplk; xg;gilf;fg; gzpj;jy;;
(<) fzf;F tprhuizf;Fg; gzpj;jy;;
(c) mwf;fl;lis brhj;jpd; ve;j gFjp my;yJ eydhdJ. mwf;fl;lisapd; ve;j nehf;fpw;fhf xJf;fg;gLfpwJ vd;gij mwptpj;jy;;
(C) xl;Lbkhj;j mwf;fl;lis brhj;J my;yJ mjd; xU gFjpahdJ thliff;F tplg;glt[k;. tpw;fg;glt[k;. mlF
(v) xU jpl;lj;ij ,Wjp bra;jy;; my;yJ
(V) tHf;fpd; jd;ikf;nfw;g chpa gpw ghpfhuk; tH';Fjy;/
JUDGMENT
(2) 1863?Mk; Mz;ila (20-1863) Md;kPf mwepiyar; rl;lj;jpd;gonah my;yJ *M* gphpt[ khepy';fspy;. 1956?Mk; Mz;L etk;gh; jp';fs; 1?Mk; njjpf;F Kd;g[ eilKiwapypUe;j bjhlh;g[ila rl;lj;jpd;gonah. Jizg;gphpt[ 1?,d; tpjpfSf;fpz';fpdhyd;wp. mj;Jizg;gphptpy; Fwpg;gpl;l ghpfhu';fs; vija[k; nfhhp. tHf;nfJk; bjhlug;glKoahJ/ (3) ////////////@ 11/ md;wpUe;j gphpt[ 92(1)?I ghprPypf;ifapy; jiyth; klg;gh ?vjph;? vk;/vd;/ kcwhe;jnjthU kw;Wk; gyh;2 vd;w tHf;fpy;.,e;ePjpkd;wj;jpd; murikg;g[ mkh;thdJ fPH;f;fhQqkhW fUj;Jj; bjhptpj;jJ:- @/// gphpt[ 92(1),U gphpt[fspyhd tHf;FfSf;F tHpbra;fpwJ. mjhtJ.
(i) bghJey nehf;f';fSf;fhf cUthf;fg;gl;l mweyg; gzp my;yJ Md;kPfg; gzpfSf;fhd 2/ (1966) 2 v!;/rp/Mh;/ 151 mwf;fl;lisapy; ek;gpf;ifj; Jnuhfk;,Uf;Fkplj;J. kw;Wk; (ii) mj;jifa VnjDk; mwf;fl;lisapd; eph;thfj;jpw;fhf. ePjpkd;wj;jpd; gzpj;jy; (cj;jut[) njitbadf; fUjg;gLkplj;J. mweyg; gzp my;yJ Md;kPfg; gzpapd; bghJey mwf;fl;lisfs;. mtw;wpw;F vjpuhf tHf;Fj; bjhlug;gl;L. Jd;g[Wj;jg;gLtjpdpd;W mtw;iwf; fhg;gnj. gphpt[ 92(1)?,d; Kjd;ik nehf;fkhFk;/ mjdhy;jhd;. mg;gphptpd; fPHhd tHf;fhdJ. muR jiyik tHf;Fiu"uhnyh my;yJ mwf;fl;lis eydpy; mf;fiwa[s;s,uz;L my;yJ mjw;F nkw;gl;l egh;fs;. muR jiyik tHf;Fiu"hpd; xg;g[jiy vGj;J totpy; bgw;wg;gpd;dnu tHf;fhdJ jhf;fy; bra;ag;glKoa[k;/ muR jiyik tHf;Fiu"h; tHf;ifj; jhf;fy; bra;a[k; Kd;dh; my;yJ gphpt[ 92?,d; fPH; tHf;ifj; jhf;fy; bra;a jd;Dila xg;g[jiy mspf;Fk; Kd;dh;. ek;gpf;ifj; Jnuhfk;,Ug;gjhfnth my;yJ mwf;fl;lisapd; eph;thfj;jpw;fhf ePjpkd;wj;jpd; gzpj;jy; njitbadf; fUjg;gLtjhfnth mth; jpUg;jpa[wntz;Lk;/ gphpt[ 92(1)?,d; fPHhd tHf;fpy; ehlg;glntz;oa ghpfhu';fs;. mg;gphptpnyna bjhptpf;fg;gLfpd;wd kw;Wk; VnjDk; mw';fhtyiu ePf;Fjy;. xU g[jpa mw';fhtyiu epakpj;jy;. xU mw';fhtyhplk; VnjDk; brhj;ij xg;gilj;jy;. ePf;fg;gl;Ls;s mw';fhtyh; my;yJ mw';fhtyh; gjtp Kot[w;wpUf;Fk; egiu. jd;Dila mDgtj;jpYs;s mwf;fl;lisr; brhj;ijg; bgWtjw;F chpika[ilathplk; xg;gilf;fg; gzpj;jy;. fzf;F tprhuizf;Fg; gzpj;jy;. mwf;fl;lisr; brhj;jpd; ve;j gFjp my;yJ eydhdJ mwf;fl;lisapd; ve;j nehf;fj;jpw;fhf xJf;fg;gLfpwJ vd;gij mwptpj;jy;. xl;Lbkhj;j mwf;fl;lisr; brhj;J my;yJ mjd; xU gFjpahdJ thliff;F tplg;glt[k;. tpw;fg;glt[k;. mlF itf;fg;glt[k; my;yJ ghpth;j;jid bra;ag;glt[k; m';fPfhpj;jy;. xU jpl;lj;ij,Wjp bra;jy; mtw;iw cs;slf;FfpwJ/ ek;gpf;ifj; Jnuhfk;,Uf;Fk;bghGJk; my;yJ bghJthf mwf;fl;lisapd; eph;thfj;jpd; Kd;ndw;wk; njitg;gLk;bghGJk;. gphpt[ 92?,d; fPHhd tHf;F jhf;fy; bra;ag;glyhbkd;gij,g;ghpfhu';fspd; jd;ikj; bjhptpf;Fk;/ /// ///@ 12/ mt;thW tFj;Jiuf;fg;gl;l rl;l ciuahdJ:m) gpc&;tehj; kw;Wk; xUth; ?vjph;? _ jhTh; uhjhgy;yhg;$p kw;Wk; gyh;;3 vd;w tHf;fpy; Twg;gl;ljhtJ:- 3/ (1967) 2 v!;/rp/Mh;/ 618 @chpikapay; tprhuizKiwr; rl;lk;. gphpt[ 92?I gad;gLj;j. K:d;W epge;jidfs; epiwt[ bra;ag;glntz;Lbkd;gJ. tFf;fg;gl;l rl;lkhFk;; mit.
(i) mwf;fl;lisahdJ. mweyg; gzp my;yJ Md;kPfg; gzpf;fhd. bghJ nehf;f';fSf;fhf cUthf;fg;gLfpwJ; (ii) ek;gpf;ifj; Jnuhfk;,Ue;jJ my;yJ mj;jifa mwf;fl;lisapd; eph;thfj;jpy;. ePjpkd;wj;jpd; gzpj;jypd; njit,Ue;jJ;
(iii) nfhug;gLk; ghpfhukhdJ. mjpy; Twg;gl;Ls;s ghpfhu';fSs; xd;whf my;yJ mjw;F nkw;gl;ljhf,Uf;fntz;Lk;/ 3 epge;jidfSs; ahbjhd;Wk; epiwt[ bra;ag;gltpy;iybadpy;. mt;tHf;fhdJ nkw;go gphptpw;F mg;ghw;gl;ljhfptpLk;/ /// ///@ M) Rf;uh gPgp ?vjph;? cwh$p Fk;K kpah[4] vd;w tHf;fpy; Twg;gl;ljhtJ:- @K:d;W epge;jidfs; epiwt[ bra;ag;gl;lhyd;wp.,g;gphpt[ bghUe;jhbjd;gJ rhd;whfpwJ: (1),t;tHf;fhdJ. bghJ mweyg; gzp epWtdj;Jlndh my;yJ Md;kPfg; gzp mwf;fl;lisa[lndh bjhlh;g[ilajhf,Uf;fntz;Lk;/ (2) tHf;fhdJ. ek;gpf;ifj; Jnuhf Fw;wr;rhl;L my;yJ mwf;fl;lisapd; eph;thfj;jpw;fhf ePjpkd;wj;jpd; gzpj;jy; 4/ (1969) 3 v!;/rp/Mh;/ 83 njitg;gLtjhfnth Mfpatw;iw mog;gilahff; bfhz;oUf;f ntz;Lk; kw;Wk; (3) nfhug;gLk; ghpfhu';fs; gphptpy; Twg;gl;litahf,Uf;fntz;Lk;/@ 13/ gphpt[ 92?I gad;gLj;jt[k; kw;Wk; mg;gphptpd;fPH; tHf;Fj; bjhlut[k;. K:d;W epge;jidfs; epiwt[ bra;ag;glntz;Lk;. mit.
(i) tpdhtpw;fplkhd mwf;fl;lisahdJ mweyg; gzp my;yJ
(ii) ek;gpf;ifj; Jnuhfk;,Ue;jJ my;yJ mj;jifa mwf;fl;lisapd; eph;thfj;jpy; ePjpkd;wj;jpd; gzpj;jypd; njit,Ue;jJ; kw;Wk;
(iii) nfhug;gLk; ghpfhukhdJ. nkw;go gphptpy; Twg;gl;Ls;s ghpfhu';fSs; xd;whf my;yJ mjw;F nkw;gl;ljhf,Uf;fntz;Lk;/ mjd;tpisthf.,k;K:d;W epge;jidfSs; VnjDk; epiwt[ bra;ag;gl? tpy;iybadpy;. tHf;fhdJ. nkw;go gphptpd; tuk;gpw;fg;ghw;gl;ljhfptpLk;/ 14/ jw;bghGija tHf;fpy;. bjhlh;g[ila mwf;fl;lisahdJ. mweyg; gzpf;fhd bghJ nehf;f';fSf;fhf cUthf;fg;gl;lbjd xg;g[f;bfhs;sg; gLfpwJ/ mt;tHf;fhdJ. Iaj;jpw;fg;ghw;gl;ljhFk;/,uz;lhk; epge;jidiag; bghWj;jtiuapy;. bghJnehf;F mwg;gzpf;fhd mwf;fl;lisahdJ. jdpg;gl;l FLk;g mwf;fl;lisahf elj;jg;gLtij tHf;Fiuapd; gj;jp 21 bjhptpf;fpwJ; mwf;fl;lisapd; nehf;fk; g[wf;fzpf;fg;gLfpwJ kw;Wk; jFjptha;e;j egh;fs; K:yk; mwf;fl;lisia eph;tfpf;f Kiwahd jpl;lk; tFg;gJ njitahf,Ue;jJ/,uz;lhk; epge;jida[k; epiwt[ bra;ag;gLfpwJ/ K:d;whk; epge;jidiag; bghWj;jtiuapy;. nfhug;gLk; ghpfhu';fs; gy;tifapdjhfpd;wd; mit. eph;thfj;jpd; jpl;lj;ij tFj;jy;. rpy mw';fhtyh;fis ePf;Fjy; kw;Wk; kUj;Jtj; bjhHpy; kw;Wk; bghJ nrit Mfpatw;wpypUe;J g[jpa mw';fhtyh;fis epakpj;jy; kw;Wk; rpy Jizg; ghpfhu';fs; Mfpatw;iw cs;slf;Ffpd;wd/ mwf;fl;lisapd; Kiwahd kw;Wk; Mf;fg;g{h;t eph;thfj;jpw;fhf. kUj;Jtj; bjhHpy; kw;Wk; bghJ nrit Mfpatw;wpypUe;J epakpf;fg;glntz;oa mw';fhtyh;fSld;. mw';fhtyh;fSs; xUtuhf. xd;whk; thjpa[k; epakpf;fg;glntz;oa ghpfhuj;ij. ntz;lg;gLk; ghpfhuk; cs;slf;Ffpwbjd;gJ cz;ikahFk;/ vdnt. tHf;Fiuapd; gpw tptu';fSld; mj;jifa ghpfhukhdJ. rl;lg;gphpt[ 92?,d; tuk;gpw;fg;ghw;bfhz;L bry;fpwjh>,y;iyah> vd;Dk; tpdh vGfpwJ/ 15/ Rf;uh gPgp[4] vd;w tHf;fpy;. tf;g[?MdJ nghjpastpy; bghJ nehf;fj;jpw;fhf cUthf;fg;gl;lJ kw;Wk; mt;tHf;fpy; nfhug;gl;l ghpfhu';fs;.
(i) gpujpthjpia Kj;ts;sp gjtpapypUe;J ePf;fp. mtUila,lj;jpy; thjpapd; kfid epakpj;jy; kw;Wk; (ii) me;j kfd; chpa gUtk; mila[k;tiuapy;. brhj;Jf;fhg;ghsiu epakpj;jy;/ bghUz;ikfisg; ghprPypf;ifapy;. tf;g[?MdJ nghjpastpy; bghJ nehf;fj;jpw;fhf cUthf;fg;gl;ltplj;J.,e;ePjpkd;wk; fUj;Jj; bjhptpj;jjhtJ:- @/// /// tf;g[?MdJ gphpt[ 92?,d; tuk;gpw;Fs; tUfpwjh> vd;gij Kot[ bra;a Kiwahd Ma;thdJ. tf;g[?MdJ. cz;ikapy; bghJ nehf;fpw;fhf cUthf;fg;gl;ljh> vd;gij c/tp/K/r/ Ma;t[ bra;antz;oa[s;sJ/ me;j Ma;it jw;bghGija tHf;fpw;Fg;bghUj;jp. cwh$p <yhcwp gf;!; vd;gtuhy; 1936?Mk; Mz;L etk;gh; 18?Mk; njjpad;W cUthf;fg;gl;l tf;g[?MdJ. c/tp/K/r/. rl;lg;gphpt[ 92?,d; tuk;gpw;Fs; tUfpwbjd eh';fs; fUJfpd;nwhk;/ v!;/ k!;rpbul; cw^ird; ?vjph;? cw^ird; mcwkJ brsj;hp[5] vd;w tHf;fpy; fy;fj;jh cah; ePjpkd;wj;jpd; jPh;g;g[iuapd; K:yk;,f;fUj;J vl;lg;gl;lJ/ mt;tHf;fhdJ tf;g[ld; bjhlh;g[ilaJ. mjd; Mz;L epfu tUkhdk; U:/1300-? MFk;/ mjpy; U:/353. Md;kPfj; jd;iktha;e;j mweyg; gzpf;fhd bghJ nehf;f';fSf;fhf xJf;fg;gl;lJ/ mj;bjhifahdJ. mw;gkhdnjh my;yJ bghJ nritf;F tpfpjhr;rhukw;wnjh my;y vd;Wk;. mjd;tpisthf. tHf;fhdJ. c/tp/K/r/. rl;lg;gphpt[ 92?,d; fPH; epiyf;fj;jf;fbjd;Wk; mwpthh;e;j ePjpaurh;fshy; jPh;g;gspf;fg;gl;lJ/ cah; ePjpkd;wj;jpdhy; 5/ 1897 v!;/rp/rp/ Md;iyd; fy;fj;jh 42: (1896?1897) 1 rp/lgps;a{/vd;/ 345/ jd;Dilaj; jPh;g;g[iuf;F Mjuthf. itj;jpa ehj; ma;ah; ?vjph;? tp/ Rthkpehj ma;ah;6 vd;w tHf;fpy; ePjpauhaj;jpd; jPh;g;g[iuahdJ rhh;e;J epw;fg;gl;lJ; mjpy; mwf;fl;lisapd; epWt[dh;. jd;Dila brhj;jpd; tUthapd; 2-3 gFjpahdJ jd;Dila kidtpf;Fr; bry;yntz;Lbkd;Wk;. v";rpa 1-3 gFjpahdJ. Kjypy; rpy fld;fisj; jPh;f;ft[k;. gpd;dh; ViH kf;fSf;F czt[ mspf;f rj;jpuk; epWtr;bry;y ntz;Lk; vd;Wk; jd;Dila capypd; K:yk; gzpj;jhh;/ mtUila kidtpapd; kuzj;jpw;Fg; gpd;dh;. 2-3 gFjpahdJ mweyg;gzpf;Fk; kw;Wk; 1-3 gFjpahdJ FLk;g cWg;gpdh;fSf;Fk; bry;yntz;Lbkd mt;t[apypy; nkYk; xU tpjp,Ue;jJ/,g;bghUz;ikfspd; mog;gilapy; @epWtg;gl;l mwf;fl;lisahdJ bghJ ey mwf;fl;lisahFk;@ vd;Wk;. fPHik ePjpkd;wj;jpd; mwpe;jikf;F (Kotpw;F) ePjpauhak; cld;gl;lJ/@ ghpfhuk; nfhug;gLk; N:H;epiyapy;. @tHf;fhdJ. bghJey epWtdkhd mwf;fl;lisapd; chpikia bka;g;gpf;fnth my;yJ epWtnth jhf;fy; bra;ag;gltpy;iy; Mdhy; jdpegh; chpikkPwiy my;yJ nky;KiwaPl;lhshpd; jdpg;gl;l chpikia bka;g;gpf;fnt jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;lJ@ vd;Dk; thjkhdJ fPH;f;fhQqkhW ghprPypf;fg;gl;lJ:- 6/ (1923?24) 51 I/V/ 282/ @/// /// nfhug;gl;l ghpfhu';fshtd: (1) vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsiu Kj;ts;sp gjtpapypUe;J ePf;fp. mtUila,lj;jpy;. nky;KiwaPl;lhshpd; kfdhd jdpegiu epakpj;jy; kw;Wk; (2) mj;jdpegh; chpa gUtk; mila[k; tiuapy;. tf;g[ brhj;Jfis eph;tfpf;f. brhj;Jf; fhg;ghsiu epakpj;jy;/ tHf;fpd; bghUz;ikfs;. 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