65f53d114e8c356d2e836e54914ff26dddb2217718c969159250478b92e53165

,e;jpa cr;r ePjpkd;wk; chpikapay; nky;KiwaPl;L mjpfhutuk;g[ chpikapay; nky;KiwaPL vz;; 3093-2020
(rpwg;g[ mDkjp kD (c) vz; 23478-2019?ypUe;J vGfpwJ) epa{ ,e;jpah mc&^ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; /// nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;
?vjph;? jpUkjp/ nrhk;tjp kw;Wk; gyh; /// vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fs; cld; chpikapay; nky;KiwaPL vz; 3094-2020
(rpwg;g[ mDkjp kD (c) vz; 4801-2020?ypUe;J vGfpwJ) epa{ ,e;jpah mc&^ud;!;;
?vjph;? jpUkjp r';fPjh kw;Wk; gyh; /// vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fs; cld; chpikapay; nky;KiwaPL vz; 3095-2020
(rpwg;g[ mDkjp kD (c) vz; 4643-2020?ypUe;J vGfpwJ)
?vjph;? m!;kjp cwl;L:d; kw;Wk; gyh; /// vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fs; cld;

chpikapay; nky;KiwaPL vz; 3096-2020
(rpwg;g[ mDkjp kD (c) vz; 5441-2020?ypUe;J vGfpwJ) nrhHkz;lyk; jp-s;/ b$duy;
,d;c&^ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; /// nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;
?vjph;? ckhuhzp kw;Wk; gyh; /// vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fs; cld; chpikapay; nky;KiwaPL vz; 3097-2020
(rpwg;g[ mDkjp kD (c) vz; 6381-2020?ypUe;J vGfpwJ)
?vjph;? jpUkjp gp';fp kw;Wk; gyh; /// vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fs; cld; chpikapay; nky;KiwaPL vz; 3098-2020
(rpwg;g[ mDkjp kD (c) vz; 7556-2020?ypUe;J vGfpwJ)
?vjph;? ehdf; re;j; kw;Wk; gyh; /// vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fs; cld; chpikapay; nky;KiwaPL vz; 3099-2020
(rpwg;g[ mDkjp kD (c) vz; 8250-2020?ypUe;J vGfpwJ)
Xhpaz;ly; ,d;c&^ud;!;
?vjph;? jpUkjp hp';F njtp kw;Wk; gyh; /// vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fs;

jPh;g;g[iu khz;g[kpF ePjpaurh; jpU/ mnrhf; g{c&d;: mDkjp tH';fg;gl;lJ/
2/ bghJthd rl;lg;gpur;rpidfis vGg;g[fpd;w ,e;j nky;KiwaPLfs; xd;whff; nfl;lwpag;gl;lgpd;. ,e;jg; bghJ jPh;g;g[iuapdhy; jPh;t[ fhzg;gLfpd;wd/
,e;j nky;KiwaPLfisj; jPh;khdpg;gjw;fhf. chpikapay; nky;KiwaPL vz; ??????-2020 (rp/m/k/ (c) vz; 23478-2019?ypUe;J vGfpwJ) epa{ ,e;jpah mc&^ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; ?vjph;? nrhk;tjp kw;Wk; gyh; vd;w tHf;fpYs;s r';fjpfis tphpthft[k;. kw;w nky;KiwaPLfspYs;s r';fjpfis RUf;fkhft[k;
Fwpg;gLtJ nghJkhdjhFk;/
3/ nfhUhpikahsh;fSf;F Mjuthf ,uz;L gphptpd;fPH; m`jhtJ.
@ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;gpw;Fk;@ nkYk; @md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk;@ ,Hg;gpw;Fk; tH';fg;gl;l
,Hg;gPL bjhlh;ghf nkhl;lhh; thfd tpgj;J nfhUhpikfs; jPh;g;ghaj;jhy;
(nkh/tp/nfh/jP/) jPh;tspf;fg;gl;ljpypUe;J vGe;j cah; ePjpkd;w';fspd; jPh;g;g[iufis vjph;j;J ,k;nky;KiwaPLfs; midj;Jk; K:d;W fhg;gPl;L epWk';fshy; m`jhtJ. epa{ ,e;jpah ,d;c&^ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll;. nrhHkz;lyk; jp-s;/ b$duy; ,d;c&^ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; kw;Wk; Xhpaz;ly;
,d;c&^ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; Mfpatw;why; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;Ls;sd/ chpikapay; nky;KiwaPL vz; ??????-2020 (rp/m/k/ (c) vz; 23478-2019?ypUe;J vGfpwJ) epa{ ,e;jpah mc&^ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; ?vjph;? jpUkjp nrhk;tjp kw;Wk; gyh;

4/ jpUkjp nrhk;tjpapd; fztuhd ,uhk; $pahtd;. 6/12/2001 md;W ele;j nkhl;lhh; thfd tpgj;jpy; jdJ kidtpahd jpUkjp nrhk;tjpia ifk;bgz;zhft[k;. VG ,sth; FHe;ijfisa[k; tpl;Ltpl;L ,we;Jtpl;lhh;/ nkhl;lhh; thfd';fs; rl;lk;. 1988. gphpt[ 166?,d; fPH; U:/15.25.000-? ,Hg;gPL nfhhp nfhUhpik kD vz; 7-2002 jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;lJ/ nkh/tp/nfh/jP/
22/3/2003?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l jPh;tspg;gpd; K:yk; nfhUhpikj; bjhifahd
U:/1.67.000-?I 9# tl;oa[ld; mDkjpj;jJ/ MizapypUe;J vGk; Kjy; nky;KiwaPL (M/v/K/nk/) vz; 1894-2003 vd;w xU nky;KiwaPL cah; ePjpkd;wj;jpy; jpUkjp nrhk;thjp njtpahYk;. kw;wth;fshYk;; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;lJ/ cah; ePjpkd;wk;. nfhUhpikahsh;fspd; nky;KiwaPl;il mDkjpj;J.
U:/12.54.000-?I ,Hg;gPL tH';fpaJ/ 25/2/2019?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l cah; ePjpkd;wj;jpd; jPh;g;g[iuf;F vjpuhf ,e;j nky;KiwaPL fhg;gPl;L epWkj;jhy; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ/ ,e;j nky;KiwaPl;oy; ,uz;L jiyg;g[fs; m`jhtJ tif vz; (vi) kw;Wk; (viii)?,d; fPH; tH';fg;gl;l ,Hg;gPL vjph;j;Jiuf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ/ mit gpd;tUkhW:-
@(vi) md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[ = U:/4.00.000-? (vl;L nfhUhpikahsh;fs; xt;bthUtUf;Fk; U:/50.000-?)
(viii) 2 Kjy; 8 tiuapyhd nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fs;- nfhUhpikahsh;fSf;F bgw;nwhh;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[ =
U:/2.80.000-? (nfhUhpikahsh;fs; xt;bthUtUf;Fk;
U:/40.000-?)/@

5/ ,e;ePjpkd;wk; 24/4/2019 md;W mwptpg;g[ mDg;g[ifapy; gpwg;gpj;j
Miz gpd;tUkhW:-
@Miz fhyjhkjk; kd;dpf;fg;gl;lJ/
,t;tHf;fpy; ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[. md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[ vd;w
,t;tpuz;Lf;Fk; cah; ePjpkd;wj;jhy; jPh;tspf;fg;glyhkh> vd;gjw;Fl;gl;L vGtpdht[f;F ehd;F thuj;jpw;Fs; jpUk;gj;jf;f mwptpg;g[ mDg;g[f/
TLjyhf. neuoahf xg;gilg;g[ nrita[k; mDkjpf;fg;gLfpwJ/ kW cj;jut[fs; tUk;tiu. gpd;tUkhW cs;s vjph;g;g[f;Fs;shd jPh;g;g[iuapd; TW (vi)?,d;go. nfhUhpikahsh;fSf;F brYj;jf;Toa 2 ,Hg;gPl;Lj; bjhifr; brYj;j';fs; epWj;jpitf;fg;gl;L. bjhptpf;fg;gLtjhtJ:
@md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[ = U:/4.00.000-? (vl;L nfhUhpikahsh;fs; xt;bthUtUf;Fk; U:/50.000-?)@
6/ ,e;ePjpkd;wj;jhy; tH';fg;gl;l mwptpg;gpidj; bjhlh;e;J. vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fs; M$uhfp. gjpYiuiaa[k; vGj;JK:y gzpe;Jiufisa[k; jhf;fy; bra;Js;sdh;/

chpikapay; nky;KiwaPL vz; ??????-2020 (rp/m/k/ (c) vz; 4801-2020?ypUe;J vGfpwJ) epa{ ,e;jpah mc&^ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; ?vjph;? r';fPjh njtp
7/ vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh; r';fPjh njtpapd; fztuhd r";$a; Fkhh;
12/1/2015 md;W nkhl;lhh; thfd tpgj;jpy; ,we;Jnghdhh;/ nkh/tp/nfh/k/ vz;
862-2016 vd;w nfhUhpik kD vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fshy; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;L. nkhl;lhh; thfd tpgj;J nfhUhpikfs; jPh;g;ghaj;jhy; 9# tl;or; nrh;j;J
U:/17.71.000-? ,Hg;gPL tH';fp. mf;nfhUhpik kD mDkjpf;fg;gl;lJ/ nfhUhpikahsh;fs; cah; ePjpkd;wj;jpy; xU nky;KiwaPl;ilj; jhf;fy; bra;jdh;/ cah; ePjpkd;wk;. nkf;kh b$duy; ,d;c&^ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; ?vjph;? ehD uhk; (v) Rcw;U uhk; kw;Wk; gyh; (2018) 18 v!;/rp/rp/ 130 vd;w tHf;fpy;
,e;ePjpkd;wj;jpd; jPh;g;g[iuiag; gpd;gw;wp. *md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk;* ,Hg;g[f;F
U:/50.000-? vd;w tPjj;jpy; xt;bthU vl;L nfhUhpikahsh;fSf;Fk;. mnjnghd;W.
*ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[* vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPH; midj;J vl;L nfhUhpikahsh;fSf;Fk;
U:/40.000-? vd;w tPjj;jpy; ,Hg;gPL tH';fpaJ/ jpy;yp cah; ePjpkd;wj;jpd; jPh;g;g[iuahy; kdf;Fiwa[w;W. fhg;gPl;L epWkk; cah; ePjpkd;wj;jpd; cj;juit vjph;j;Jiuj;J nky;KiwaPl;ilj; jhf;fy; bra;Js;sJ/ chpikapay; nky;KiwaPL vz; ??????-2020 (rp/m/k/ (c) vz; 4643-2020?ypUe;J vGfpwJ) epa{ ,e;jpah mc&^ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; ?vjph;? m!;kjp cwl;L:d;
8/ KfkJ cwhrpg[y; ghrd; vd;gth; 29/10/2007 md;W nkhl;lhh; thfd tpgj;jpy; fhykhdhh;/ nfhUhpik kD vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fshy; jhf;fy;

bra;ag;gl;L. mjpy; bjhif U:/17.32.776-?I tl;oa[ld; ,Hg;gPlhf tH';fp. nkhl;lhh; tpgj;J nfhUhpikfs; jPh;g;ghaj;jhy; mDkjpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ/ nky;KiwaPl;lhsh; cah; ePjpkd;wj;jpy; nky;KiwaPL xd;iwj; jhf;fy; bra;jhh;/ cah; ePjpkd;wk;. *md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[* vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPH; xt;bthU
VG nfhUhpikahsh;fSf;Fk; U:/50.000-? vd;w tPjj;jpYk;. *ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[* vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPH; xt;bthU VG nfhUhpikahsh;fSf;Fk; U:/40.000-? vd;w tPjj;jpYk; ,Hg;gPL tH';fpaJ/ jpy;yp cah; ePjpkd;wj;jpd; ,j;jPh;g;g[iuahy; kdf;Fiwa[w;W. fhg;gPl;L epWkk; nky;KiwaPl;oy; cs;sJ/ chpikapay; nky;KiwaPL vz; ??????-2020 (rp/m/k/ (c) vz; 5441-2020?ypUe;J vGfpwJ) nrhHkz;lyk; jp-s;/ b$duy; ,d;c&^ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; ?vjph;? ckhuhzp kw;Wk; gyh;
9/ ,we;Jnghd fpUc&;zrhkpf;F 7/9/2014 md;W thfd tpgj;J epfH;e;jgpd; ,we;Jnghdhh;/ nfhUhpik kD vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fshy; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;L. mJ. nkhl;lhh; thfd tpgj;J nfhUhpik jPh;g;ghaj;jhy;
U:/13.60.000-? ,Hg;gPL tH';fp mDkjpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ/ fhg;gPL epWkj;jhy; nky;KiwaPL jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;lJ/ *ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[* vd;w jiyg;gpd;fPHhd jPh;tj;bjhif U:gha; xU ,yl;rKk;. kw;Wk; *md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[* vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPHhd jPh;tj;bjhif U:gha; K:d;W ,yl;rKk; cah; ePjpkd;wj;jhy; cWjpbra;ag;gl;lJ. ,J ,k;nky;KiwaPl;oy; fhg;gPl;L epWkj;jhy; vjph;j;Jiuf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ/

chpikapay; nky;KiwaPL vz; ??????-2020 (rp/m/k/ (c) vz; 6381-2020?ypUe;J vGfpwJ) epa{ ,e;jpah mc&^ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; ?vjph;? jpUkjp gp';fp
10/ jpndc&; Fkhh; vd;gth; 11/6/2014 md;W nkhl;lhh; thfd tpgj;jpy;
,we;Jnghdhh;/ nfhUhpik kD vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fshy; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;L. nkhl;lhh; thfd tpgj;J nfhUhpik jPh;g;ghaj;jhy; bjhif U:/13.01.776-?
,Hg;gPL tH';fp mDkjpf;fg;gl;lJ/ nfhUhpikahsh;fs;. cah; ePjpkd;wk; Kd;g[ nky;KiwaPL xd;iwj; jhf;fy; bra;jjhy;. mJ ,Hg;gPl;il cah;j;jpaJ/ cah; ePjpkd;wk;. *md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[* vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPH; xt;bthU ehd;F nfhUhpikahsh;fSf;Fk; U:/50.000-? kw;Wk; *ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[* vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPH; xt;bthU nfhUhpikahsh;fSf;Fk; U:/40.000-? vd;w tPjj;jpy; ,Hg;gPL tH';fpaJ/ cah; ePjpkd;wj;jpd; jPh;g;g[iuahy; kdf;Fiwa[w;W. fhg;gPl;L epWkk; nky;KiwaPl;oy; cs;sJ/ chpikapay; nky;KiwaPL vz; ??????-2020 (rp/m/k/ (c) vz; 7556-2020?ypUe;J vGfpwJ) epa{ ,e;jpah mc&^ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; ?vjph;? ehdf; re;j; kw;Wk; gyh;
11/ bfsut; vd;gth; 23/9/2010 md;W nkhl;lhh; thfd tpgj;jpy;
,we;Jnghdhh;/ nfhUhpik kD ,we;Jnghdthpd; bgw;nwhuhy; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;L. mjpy; U:/4.83.348-? ,Hg;gPL tH';fg;gl;L mDkjpf;fg;gl;lJ/ nfhUhpikahsh;fs; cah; ePjkd;wj;jpy; jhf;fy; bra;j nky;KiwaPL mDkjpf;fg;gl;lJ/ cah; ePjpkd;wk;. *md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[* vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPH; ,t;tpUtUf;Fk; jyh U:/50.000-?k;. *ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[* vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPH;

,t;tpUtUf;Fk; jyh U:/40.000-?k; ,Hg;gPL tH';fpaJ/ cah; ePjpkd;wj;jpd; jPh;g;g[iuahy; kdf;Fiwa[w;W. ,e;j nky;KiwaPL jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ/ chpikapay; nky;KiwaPl;L vz; ??????-2020 (rp/m/k/ (c) vz; 8250-2020?ypUe;J vGfpwJ) Xhpaz;ly; ,d;c&^ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; ?vjph;? jpUkjp hp';F njtp
12/ gPh;ghy; Fkhh; vd;gtUf;F 27/7/2008 md;W tpgj;J epfH;e;jjd; tpisthf mth; ,we;Jnghdhh;/ U:gha; ,UgJ ,yl;rk; nfhhp vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fshy; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;l nfhUhpik kDtpy; U:/5.80.000-?
,Hg;gPL tH';fp nkhl;lhh; tpgj;J nfhUhpikfs; jPh;g;ghaj;jhy; mDkjpf;fg;gl;lJ/ fhg;gPl;L epWkk; nky;KiwaPL xd;wpidj; jhf;fy; bra;jJ/ jPh;g;ghak;. U:/40.000-? vd;w tPjj;jpy; kft[rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[f;fhd bjhifia xt;bthU nfhUhpikahsh;fSf;Fk;. mjhtJ. kidtp. ,uz;L
FHe;ijfs; kw;Wk; je;ijahh; MfpnahUf;F bkhj;jkhf U:/1.60.000-?I jPh;tspj;jJ/ fhg;gPl;L epWkj;jhy; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;l nky;KiwaPl;oy; @md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[@ vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPH; cah; ePjpkd;wk; ehd;F nfhUhpikahsh;fs; xt;bthUtUf;Fk; U:/50.000-? tPjj;jpy; ,Hg;gPl;il cah;j;jpaJ/ mjhtJ. bkhj;jj; bjhifahf U:gha; ,uz;L ,yl;rk; cah;j;jpaJ/ fhg;gPl;L epWkk; cah; ePjpkd;wj;jpd; jPhg;g[iuahy; kdf;Fiwa[w;W ,e;j nky;KiwaPl;Lld; te;Js;sJ/
13/ nky;KiwaPl;lhsUf;fhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"iuapd; thj';fnshL nfhUhpikahsh;fSf;fhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"hpd; thj';fisa[k; eh';fs; nfl;lwpe;njhk;/

14/ midj;J nky;KiwaPLfspYk; ghprPypf;fg;glntz;oa xnu gpur;rpidahdJ. nfhUhpikahsUf;F ,uz;L jiyg;g[fshd (m) ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[ kw;Wk; (M) md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;gpd; fPH; tH';fg;gl;l ,Hg;gPL Fwpj;njahFk;/
@ey;Ywt[@ vd;gijg; bghWj;jtiuapy;. kidtp kl;Lnk *ey;Ywt[* ,Hg;g[ bjhiff;Fhpatuh> my;yJ FHe;ijfSf;Fk;. bgw;nwhUf;F';Tl ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[j; bjhif jPh;tspf;fg;glyhkh> vd;gjhFk;/
15/ nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fSf;fhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"h; thjpl;ljhtJ.
,e;ePjpkd;wj;jpd; murikg;g[ Mak;. nec&dy; ,d;c&^ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll;
?vjph;? gpuza; nrjp kw;Wk; gyh;. (2017) 16 v!;/rp/rp/ 680 vd;w tHf;fpy; K:d;W tHf;fkhd jiyg;g[fns mjhtJ (i) brhj;J ,Hg;g[ (ii) ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[ kw;Wk;
(iii) <kr;rl';F bryt[fs; Mfpaitna cs;sd vd;Wk;. mjw;fhf murikg;g[
Maj;jhy; jPh;tspf;fg;gl;l bjhif Kiwna U:/15.000-?. U:/40.000-? kw;Wk;
U:/15.000-? vdt[[k; tFj;Jiuj;Js;sJ/ Mjyhy;. tHf;fkhd jiyg;gpd; fPH; bkhj;jj; bjhif U:/70.000-? vd;Wk;. nkYk;. tHf;fkhd jiyg;g[fspd; fPHhd bjhif U:/70.000-?f;Fk; nkyhf ,Uf;ff;TlhJ vd;gjhFk;/
16/ @md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[@ vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPH; tH';fg;gl;l bjhif Kw;wpYk; mjpfhutuk;gw;wjhFk;/ nkYk; @ey;Ywt[[@ vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPH; nkw;bfhz;L tH';fg;gLk; bjhif U:/40.000-?f;F kpfhkypUf;fntz;Lk;. *ey;Ywt[*
,Hg;g[f;fhd bjhif U:/40.000-?I kidtp kl;Lnk bgWtjw;Fhpatuhthh;. nkYk; jPh;g;gha';fSk;. cah; ePjpkd;w';fSk; xt;bthU nfhUhpikahsUf;Fk; kidtp.

FHe;ijfs; kw;Wk; bgw;nwhh; MfpnahUf;F ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[f;fhd bjhif
Fwpj;J jPh;tspj;jjpy; jtwpiHj;Jtpl;ld vdg; gzpe;Jiuf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ/
17/ murikg;g[ Maj;jpd; jPh;g;g[iuf;F gpd;dU';Tl. ,e;ePjpkd;wk; tHf;fkhd jiyg;g[fshd @brhj;J ,Hg;g[@?f;F U:/15.000-? ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[
U:/40.000-? kw;Wk; <kr; bryt[fSf;F U:/15.000-? vdj; bjhifia mDkjpj;Js;sJ vd;W thjplg;gl;Ls;sJ/ gpuza; nrjp vd;w tHf;fpd; jPh;g;g[iuf;Fg; gpd;dh;. ,e;ePjpkd;wk;. tHf;fkhd jiyg;g[fspd; fPH; bjhifr; brYj;Jjiy. gpuza; nrjp vd;w tHf;fpd; jPh;g;g[iuapd;go tiuaWj;jpUe;jJ/ xt;bthU nfhUhpikahsUf;Fk;. @md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[@ vd;gnjhL
*ey;Ywt[* ,Hg;g[ vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPH; ,Hg;gPL jPh;tspj;j cah; ePjpkd;wj;jpd; nfs;tpf;Fs;shd jPh;g;g[iu. ,e;ePjpkd;wj;jhy; tFj;Jiuf;fg;gl;l rl;lj;jpw;F
Kuzhdjhy; ePf;fg;glntz;Lk; vd thjplg;gl;Ls;sJ/
18/ Xhpaz;ly; ,d;;N:ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; ?vjph;? jpUkjp hp';F njtp kw;Wk; gyh; vd;w tHf;fpy; nky;KiwaPl;lhsUf;fhf M$uhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"uhy; Xh; TLjy; thjk; itf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ/ fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"h; thjpl;ljhtJ. nkh/tp/nfh/jP/ U:/40.000-? vd;w tPjj;jpy; ehd;F nfhUhpikahsh;fSf;Fk; ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[f;fhd bjhifia mDkjpj;jjpy; jtwpiHj;Jtpl;lbjd;whYk;. fhg;gPl;L epWkj;jhy; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;l nky;KiwaPl;oy;. cah; ePjpkd;wk; *md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[* vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPH;
,Hg;gPl;il nkYk; cah;j;jpaJ/ nfhUhpikahsh;fs; nky;KiwaPl;oidj; jhf;fy; bra;jpuhjnghJ. fhg;gPl;L epWkj;jhy; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;l nky;KiwaPl;od;nghpy;
,Hg;gPl;oid cah;j;jpapUf;ff;TlhJ vd;gjhFk;/ nkYk; fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"h;

thjpl;ljhtJ. nky;KiwaPl;lhsuhy; nky;KiwaPl;Lld; itg;gPL bra;ag;gl;l rl;lg;goahd bjhif. jpy;yp cah; ePjpkd;wj;jpy; bjhl';fg;gl;l M!;uh nrk epjpapy; itg;gPL bra;ag;glntz;Lk; vd cj;jutpl;ljpy; cah; ePjpkd;wk; jtwpiHj;Jtpl;lJ vd;Wk;. nky;KiwaPl;lhsh; Kf;fpa rl;ltpdhf;fis vGg;gpapUg;gjhYk;. nky;KiwaPL mDkjpf;fg;gLtjw;FhpajhapUg;gjhYk; ,t;thW cj;jutpl;oUf;ff;TlhJ vd;gjhFk;/
19/ *ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[f;fhd bjhif* vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPH; xt;bthU nfhUhpikahsh;fSf;Fk; U:/40.000-? vd;w tPjj;jpyhd jPh;tspg;g[ ,e;ePjpkd;wj;jhy; tFf;fg;gl;l rl;lj;jpw;fpz';f cs;sJ vd;W nfhUhpikahsh;fSf;fhf
M$uhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"h;. nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fSf;fhd tHf;Fiu"hpd; thj';fis kWj;Jiuf;fpwhh;/ *ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[* vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPH; jPh;tspf;fg;gLk; ,Hg;gPl;ow;F FWfpa bghUs;tpsf;fj;jpid mspf;f ,ayhJ vd;Wk; gzpe;Jiuf;fg;gLfpwJ/ *ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[* vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPH; kidtpf;F kl;Lkpd;wp FHe;ijfSf;Fk;. bgw;nwhUf;Fk; bjhif tH';fpa[s;sJ rhpna/ nfhUhpikahsh;fSf;fhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"h; cah; ePjpkd;wj;jpd; jPh;g;g[iufSf;F Mjut[ bjhptpj;Js;shh;/
20/ jug;gpdh;fSf;fhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"U';Tl ,e;ePjpkd;wj;jpd; gy;ntW jPh;g;g[iufs;kPJ rhh;e;Jepd;whh;. mit. thj';fis tphpthfg; ghprPypf;ifapy; Fwpg;gplg;gLk;/
21/ eh';fs;. jug;gpdh;fSf;fhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"hpd; thjj;ijg; ghprPypj;jg; gpd;dh;. gjpthtz';;fisa[k; ghh;itapl;Ls;nshk;/

22/ *,Hg;gPL* vd;Dk; brhw;bwhlh; nrj';fSf;fhd nfhUhpikia cs;slf;Ffpd;w xU tphpthd bghUs;jUk; brhy;yhFk;/ ,Hg;gPL vd;gJ Vw;gl;l jP';Ff;fhf <Lbra;tjhFk;/
23/ nkhl;lhh; thfd';fs; rl;lk; 1988. gphpt[ 166?,d; fPH; ,Hg;gPL tH';Ftjw;fhf nfhhpf;if bra;a[k; nfhUhpikahsh; epahakhd
,Hg;gPl;ow;Fhpatuhthh;/ epahakhd ,Hg;gPL vd;gJ neh;ikahdjhft[k;. tpjpKiw tGthkYk; ,Uf;fntz;Lk;/ capUf;Fk;. cilikf;Fkhd ,Hg;ig rhprkkhf
<Lbra;a ,ayhnj xHpa. nkhl;lhh; thfd';fs; rl;lj;jpd; fPHhd rl;l tifKiwfs;. FLk;g cWg;gpdhpd; ,Hg;g[f;fhf VnjhbthUtifapy;
,Hg;gpid rhpaPL bra;at[k; kw;Wk; nfhUhpikahsUf;F epahakhdtifapy;
,Hg;gPL mspf;ft[k;. nfhUhpikahsh;fspd; Fiwiaj; jPh;f;Fk;tifapy; mjid vspjhf;Fk; fUj;JlDk;. nehf;fj;JlDk; ,aw;wg;gl;oUf;Fk; xU rKjhaj;jpw;Fhpa rl;lg; gFjpahFk;/
24/ eh';fs;. b$duy; nknd$h;. nfush !;nll; nuhL ouhd;!;nghh;l; fhh;g;gnuc&d;. jpUtde;jg[uk; ?vjph;? N:rk;kh jhk!; (jpUkjp) kw;Wk; gyh;. (1994)
2 v!;/rp/rp/ 176 vd;w tHf;fpy; ,e;ePjpkd;wj;jpd; jPh;g;g[iuiaf; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;nshk;/
,e;ePjpkd;wk; nkhl;lhh; thfd';fs; rl;lk;. 1939?,d; fPH; ,Hg;gPL Fwpj;j mog;gilf; fUj;jpidg; ghprPypf;ifapy; gj;jp 5?,y; gpd;tUkhW tFj;Jiuj;Js;sJ:-
@5/ ////// @jtW bra;jth;. mtuJ mf;fk;gf;fj;jpYs;sth;fspd; kj;jpapy; jiyepkph;e;Jbfhz;L mth;fsJ xg;g[jYld;

mth; neh;ikahd braiy bra;Js;sjhff; TWtjw;F mtiu mDkjpf;ff;Toathwhd xU rkfhyj;jpa rKjhak; vij epahakhd bjhifahff; fUjf;TLk;@ vd;gjw;F ,Hg;gPl;Lj; bjhifasit jPh;khdpj;jny tpilaspf;fntz;Lk;/ @xU Rje;jpukhd rKjhaj;jpy; capiua[k;. cilikiaa[k; rl;lk;. gue;j kdg;ghd;ika[ld; mstpl;L kjpg;gpLtjhy;@ jPh;tspf;fg;gLk; bjhif fl;lhak; mw;gkhdjhf ,Uf;ff;TlhJ/ ,it midj;Jk;. jPh;tspf;fg;gLk; bjhif. rl;lg;goahf Vw;Wf;bfhs;sg;gLk;
Fwpast[fspd;go epahakhdjhft[k;. neh;ikahdjhft[k;
,Uf;fntz;Lk; vdg; bghUs;gLfpwJ/@
25/ nkw;brhd;d tHf;fpY';Tl. ,e;j ePjpkd;wk; *ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[* vd;w tHf;fkhd jiyg;gpd; fPH; bjhifiaj; jPh;tspj;jJ/
26/ ,e;ePjpkd;wj;jpd; rush th;kh (jpUkjp) kw;Wk; gyh; ?vjph;? jpy;yp ouhd;!;nghh;l; fhh;g;gnuc&d; kw;Wk; xUth;. (2009) 6 v!;/rp/rp/ 121 vd;w tHf;fpd; jPh;g;g[iu mtrpak; ftdj;jpw;bfhs;sntz;oa kw;bwhU jPh;g;g[iuahFk;. mj;jPh;g;g[iuapd; gj;jp 16?,y; ,e;ePjpkd;wk; @epahakhd ,Hg;gPL@ vd;gij tphpthff; TWifapy; gpd;tUkhW tFj;Jiuj;Js;sJ:-
@5/ ////// epahakhd ,Hg;gPL vd;gJ jtwpd; tpisthf
Vw;glf;Toa ,Hg;g[ gzj;jpdhy; rhpbra;a ,aYk; vd;gijg; bghWj;jtiuapy;. mt;thW bra;a ,Hg;gPL

jPh;tspg;gJ bjhlh;ghf ed;F epiyepWj;jg;gl;l nfhl;ghLfisg; bghUj;jp. tHf;fpd; r';fjpfs; kw;Wk; N:H;epiyfspd; mog;gilapy; epahakhft[k;. neh;ikahft[k; ,Uf;fpd;w epiwthd ,Hg;gPlhFk;/ mJ. ts';bfhHpf;fnth. ed;bfhilahfnth my;yJ
,yhgj;jpw;fhd Mjhukhfnth ,Uf;f jpl;lkplg;gltpy;iy/@
27/ ,e;ePjpkd;wKk; @ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[@ vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPH; kidtpf;F xU bjhifiaj; jPh;tspj;jJ/
28/ (nkw;fz;l) nec&dy; ,d;N:ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; vd;w tHf;fpy;.
@ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[@ bjhlh;ghf ,Hg;gPL jPh;tspf;fg;gl;Ls;s ,e;ePjpkd;wj;jpd;
Ke;ija jPh;g;g[iufs; Fwpg;gplg;gl;oUg;gnjhL. mt;tHf;fpy; murikg;g[ ePjpauhaj;jpd; jPh;g;g[iuia ehk; fUj;jpw;bfhs;tJ mtrpakhFk;/ gj;jp 46?,y;. gpd;tUkhW tFj;Jiuf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ:-
@46/ brhj;J ,Hg;g[. ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[ kw;Wk; <kr; bryt[fs;
Mfpatw;Wf;F bjhif tH';FtJ bjhlh;ghf kw;bwhU mk;rk; FHg;gj;ij Vw;gLj;jpa[s;sJ/ re;njhc&; njtp vd;w tHf;fpy; ,U ePjpgjpfs; Mak;. tHf;fkhd Kiwiag; gpd;gw;wp. ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[f;F U:/10.000-?Kk;. <kr; bryt[fSf;F U:/10.000-?Kk; kw;Wk; clypid vLj;Jr; bry;tjw;fhf U:/5.000-?Kk; tH';fpaJ/ rush th;kh vd;w

tHf;fpy; ePjpkd;wk; brhj;J ,Hg;g[ vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPH;
U:/5.000-?Ia[k;. ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[f;fhf U:/10.000-?Ia[k;. <kr; bryt[fSf;fhf U:/5.000-?Ia[k; tH';fpaJ/ uhn$c&; (2013)
9 v!;/rp/rp/ 54 vd;w tHf;fpy; ePjpkd;wk; ey;Ywt[
,Hg;g[f;fhf U:/1.00.000-?Kk;. <kr; bryt[fSf;fhf
U:/25.000-?Kk; tH';fpaJ/ mJ. ,sth; FHe;ijfSf;fhd ftdpg;g[ kw;Wk; tHpfhl;Ljy; ,Hg;g[f;fhft[k; U:/1.00.000-?I tH';fpaJ/ re;njhc&; njtp (2012) 6 v!;/rp/rp/ 421 vd;w tHf;fpy; jPh;khdpf;fg;gl;Ls;sthW. rK:f?bghUshjhu gpur;rpidapd;nghpy; xU rPuhd jd;ikiaa[k;. Kuzw;w jd;ikiaa[k; va;jg;bgWtjw;F tidag;gl;l tpjpKiw. xU rl;lf; nfhl;ghl;oypUe;J khWgLkhdhy;. mJ fhyKiwnjhWk; kWghh;itaplg;glntz;Lk; vd;w nfhl;ghl;od;nghpy; ePjpkd;wk; ,jid cah;j;jpaJ/ kWghh;itapLjy; vd;w nfhl;ghl;od;nghpy;. tHf;fkhd jiyg;g[fspd; mog;gilapy; btt;ntW bjhifapid mJ eph;zapj;jJ/ ePjpkd;wk; vij kjpg;gpLfpwbjd;why;. gztPf;fk; kw;Wk; tpiyg;gl;oay; vd;w r';fjpnaahFk;/
,J ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[ vd;w mog;gilf; fUj;jpd;goa[k; eltof;ifbaLj;Js;sJ/ ,JFwpj;J. mJ Tw tpiHtijna eh';fSk; Tw vz;Qqfpnwhk;/ eh';fs;
Fwpg;gpLtjhtJ (uhn$c&; tHf;F):-

@17/ ///// rl;lg; gh';Fiuapy;. @ey;Ywt[ vd;gJ njhHik. mf;fiw. cjtp. MWjy;. tHpfhl;Ljy;.
Tl;LthH;t[. njWjy;. ghrk; kw;Wk; mtuJ my;yJ mtsJ Jiza[ldhd jhk;gj;a cwt[fs;
Mfpatw;Wf;F thH;f;ifj;Jizf;Fs;s chpikahFk;/ ekJ ePjpkd;w';fspdhy; gz";rhuh
,Hg;g[ vd;w jiyg;g[ Fwpj;J rhpahfg; g[hpe;Jbfhs;sg;gltpy;iy/ thH;f;ifj; Jizahdth; bgWtjw;Fhpa njhHika[zh;t[. md;g[. mf;fiw kw;Wk; ghJfhg;g[ Kjypatw;iw ,He;JtpLtjhy; mtUf;F chpaKiwapy; <Lbra;antz;Lk;/ ey;Ywt[
,Hg;g[f;F mog;gilf; bfhs;ifahf cs;s gz";rhuh ,Hg;g[ cyfpd; kw;wg; gFjpfspy;. mjpYk; Fwpg;ghf mbkhpf;fh. M!;jpnuypah nghd;w ehLfspy; ,Hg;gPL jPh;tspg;gjw;Fhpa Kjd;ik jiyg;g[fspy; xd;whf tps';FfpwJ/ M';fpy ePjpkd;w';fSk;. jw;fhypfkhf Cdk; Vw;gLk; fhyfl;lj;jpd;nghJk; thH;f;ifj;Jiz ,Hg;gPL bgWtjw;fhd chpikia m';fPfhpj;Js;sd/ ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;gpdhy;. thH;f;ifj;Jizf;F tU';fhy';fspy; fpilf;fntz;oa ghrk;. MWjy;. njWjy;. njhHik. Tl;LthH;t[. cjtp. ghJfhg;g[.

mf;fiw kw;Wk; jhk;gj;a cwt[ Mfpatw;wpd;
,Hg;gpid <Lbra;tjw;F ePjpkd;w';fs; Kaw;rp vLj;Js;sd/ kw;w ehLfspYk; kw;Wk; gpw mjpfhutuk;g[fspYk; tH';fg;gLk; ,Hg;gPL nghyy;yhky;. thhpRhpikah;fs; gz";rhh;e;j
,Hg;g[f;fhf gpwtifapy; nghJkhd mstpy;
<Lbra;ag;gLtjhy; ,e;j jiyg;gpd;fPH; bgUe;bjhifia tH';FtJ Kiwahf ,Uf;fhJ/ vdnt. ePjpkd;w';fs; ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[f;fhf
Fiwe;jgl;rk; xU ,yl;r U:ghia jPh;tspj;jhy;jhd; mJ epahakhdjhft[k;. eLepiyiktha;e;jjhft[k; ,Uf;ff;TLk; vd;gJ v';fsJ fUj;jhFk;/@@
29/ gj;jp 52?,y; tHf;fkhd jiyg;ghd *brhj;J ,Hg;g[*. *ey;Ywt[
,Hg;g[* kw;Wk; *<kr; bryt[fs;* Kiwna U:/15.000-?. U:/40.000-? kw;Wk; U:/15.000-? vd;gnj epahakhf ,Uf;fntz;oa bjhifahFk; vd murikg;g[ ePjpahuhak; fUj;Jiuj;jJ/ gj;jp 52?,y; gpd;tUkhW tFf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ:-
@52/ tHf;fkhd jiyg;g[fisg; bghWj;jkl;oy;. uhn$c&; vd;w tHf;fpy; brhy;yg;gl;l fUj;Jld; xj;Jg;nghtJ fodk; vd eh';fs; mwpfpnwhk;/ ,J. <kr; bryt[fSf;fhf
U:/25.000-?k;. ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[f;fhf U:.1.00.000-?k;.

,sth; FHe;ijfSf;fhd mf;fiw kw;Wk; tHpelj;Jjy;
,Hg;g[f;fhf U:/1.00.000-?k; tH';fpa[s;sJ/ ,sth;
FHe;ijfSf;fhd mf;fiw ,Hg;g[ vd;gJ bjhlh;ghd jiyg;g[ ,y;iy/ uhn$c&; vd;w tHf;F. re;njhc&; njtp vd;w tHf;iff; Fwpg;gpl;oUe;jnghjpYk;. mjidg; gpd;gw;wpajhfj; bjhpatpy;iy/ tHf;fkhd kw;Wk; kug[rhh;e;j jiyg;g[fs;. tpGf;fhl;od; mog;gilapy; jPh;khdpf;fg;gl ,ayhJ vd;gij brhy;yntz;oajpy;iy vd;whYk;. mJ Vw;Wf;bfhs;sf;Toa mst[nfhy; my;y/ tUthia jPh;khdpg;gJnghy; my;yhky;. nkw;brhd;d jiyg;g[fs; mWjpaplg;glntz;Lk;/ ve;j mWjpaPLk; xU neh;ikahd Mjhuj;ijf; bfhz;oUf;fntz;Lk;/ tpiyg; gl;oay;. t';fp tl;o tPH;r;rpailjy;. gy braw;fs';fspy; cs;s tPj';fspd; Vw;wk; Mfpa r';fjpfspy; gpur;rpidapy;iy vd;gij ftdj;jpw;bfhs;sntz;Lk;/ ePjpkd;wk; mjidg; g[wf;fzpf;f ,ayhJ/ ,f;Twpy; mDgtKiw tpjp cs;sJ/ mjhtJ. mjidj; jPh;khdpg;gjpy; cr;repiy rpukk; ,Uf;Fk;. nkYk; mDgtKiw tpjpiag; gad;gLj;jpdhyd;wp. Vnjh xUtpjkhd bfhs;ifkhwhj; jd;ik ,y;yhtpoy; kpfg;bghpa ntWghL Vw;gl;LtpLk;. mjd;tpisthf jPh;g;gha';fshYk;. ePjpkd;w';fshYk; gpwg;gpf;fg;gLk;

Mizfs; tHpfhl;Ljypd;wp ,Ug;gjw;fhd tha;g;g[s;sJ/
Mjyhy;. epahakhd bjhiffis eph;zapg;gJ bghUj;jkhdbjd eh';fs; vz;Qqfpnwhk;/ tHf;fkhd jiyg;g[fshd brhj;J ,Hg;g[. ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[. kw;Wk;
<kr; bryt[fs; Kiwna U:/15.000-?. U:/40.000-? kw;Wk;
U:/15.000-?Mf ,Uf;fntz;Lk; vd;gjdog;gilapy; ,J epahakhd bjhifahfnt v';fSf;Fj; njhd;WfpwJ/ nkw;brhd;d jiyg;g[fis kWghh;itapLk; nfhl;ghL Xh;
Vw;Wf;bfhs;sf;Toa nfhl;ghlhFk;/ Mdhy;. me;j kWghh;itaply;. r';fjpia ikakhff;bfhz;nlh my;yJ mstpid ikakhff;bfhz;nlh ,Uf;ff;TlhJ/ eh';fs; mWjpbra;j bjhif xt;bthU K:d;W Mz;LfSf;F tpGf;fhl;od; mog;gilapy; cah;j;jg;glntz;Lk; vd;Wk;.
K:d;W Mz;L fhyj;jpy; 10# vd;w tPjj;jpy; cah;j;JtJ rhpahf ,Uf;Fk; vd eh';fs; fUJfpnwhk;/ mJ. mj;jiyg;g[fisg; bghWj;J xUkpj;jj; jd;ikiaf; bfhz;LtUbkdpy;. mt;thnw jPh;khdpj;J eh';fs; jPh;t[ bra;fpnwhk;/@
30/ nkYk;. gj;jp 59/8?,y; tHf;fkhd jiyg;g[f;Fhpa bjhifapid xt;bthU K:d;W Mz;LfSf;Fk; 10# vd;w tPjj;jpy; cah;j;jntz;Lk; vd ePjpkd;wk; jPh;khdpj;jJ/ 59/8?MtJ gj;jpapy; gpd;tUkhW jPh;khdpf;fg;gl;lJ:-

@59/8/ brhj;J ,Hg;g[. ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[ kw;Wk; <kr; bryt[fs;
Kiwna U:/15.000-?. U:/40.000-? kw;Wk; U:/15.000-? vd;gjdog;gilapy; tHf;fkhd jiyg;g[fspd; fPH; epahakhd bjhif tH';fg;glntz;Lk;/ nkw;brhd;d bjhif xt;bthU K:d;W Mz;Lfspy; 10# vd;w tPjj;jpy; cah;j;jg;glntz;Lk;/@
31/ mLj;J Fwpg;gplj;jf;f jPh;g;g[iu nkf;kh b$duy; ,d;N:ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; ?vjph;? ehD uhk; vd;fpw Rcw;U uhk; kw;Wk; gyh;. (2018) 18 v!;/rp/rp/ 130 vd;gjhFk;. ey;Ywt[ Fwpj;j mog;gilf;bfhs;if gj;jpfs; 21. 22 kw;Wk; 23?,y; gpd;tUkhW tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ:-
@21/ (nkw;fz;l) gpuza; nrjp vd;w tHf;fpy; ,e;ePjpkd;wj;jpd;
Xh; murikg;g[ ePjpauhak;. xU kuz tHf;fpy; gy;ntW jiyg;g[fspd; fPH; jPh;tspf;fg;glntz;oa ,Hg;gPL
Fwpj;J tpthjpj;Js;sJ/ ,e;j jiyg;g[fspy; xd;;Wjhd; ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[/ rl;lg; gh';Fiuapy;. @ey;Ywt[@ vd;gJ
*thH;f;ifj;Jizrhh;e;j ey;Ywt[*. *bgw;nwhh;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[* kw;Wk; *kft[hpikr;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[* Mfpatw;iw cs;slf;fpa fUj;Jr;brwpthd brhy;yhFk;/ ey;Ywt[ chpik vd;gJ kuzKw;wthpd; FLk;gj;Jf;F Vw;gLk;
,Hg;ghd. mtuJ njhHik. mf;fiw. cjtp. MWjy;. tHpfhl;Ljy;. njWjy; kw;Wk; ghrk; Mfpatw;iw

cs;slf;Fk;/ thH;f;ifj;Jiziag; bghWj;jkl;oy;
,we;Jnghd thH;f;ifj;Jiza[ldhd jhk;gj;a cwtpida[k; cs;slf;Fk;/
21/1/ thH;f;ifj;Jiz ey;Ywt[ vd;gJ bghJthf @njhHik.
Tl;LthH;t[. xj;JiHg;g[. ghrk;. kzthH;t[. cwtpy; xUtUf;bfhUth; cWJizahapUj;jy; Mfpatw;wpd;
,Hg;g[f;fhf. caph;thH;e;JtUk; thH;f;ifj;Jizf;F
,Hg;gPl;oid mDkjpf;Fk; fztd;?kidtp cwt[Kiw bjhlh;ghd chpikfshf bghUs;tiuaWf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ/
21/2/ bgw;nwhh;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ vd;gJ @bgw;nwhhpd; cjtp. ghJfhg;g[. ghrk;. Tl;LthH;t[. xGf;fk;. tHpfhl;Ljy; kw;Wk; gapw;rp Mfpatw;wpd; ,Hg;g[f;fhf chpafhyj;jpw;F
Kd;djhf bgw;nwhh; ,we;JtpLtjd;nghpy; mf;FHe;ijf;F tH';fg;gLfpwJ/
21/3/ kft[hpikr;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ vd;gJ xU FHe;ij jw;brayhf ,wf;fnehpLk;nghJ. ,Hg;gPl;Lf;F bgw;nwhUf;Fs;s chpikahFk;/ xU FHe;ijapd; ,wg;gpw;F fhuzkhFk; xU tpgj;J. ,we;Jnghdthpd; FLk;gj;jpw;Fk;. bgw;nwhUf;Fk;. ngujph;r;rpiaa[k;. fLe;Jahpida[k; tpistpf;fpd;wJ/ xU bgw;nwhUf;F mth;fsJ
Ma[l;fhyj;jpd;nghJ mth;fSila FHe;ijia ,Hg;gJ bgUe;JaukhFk;/ jdpbahU FLk;gj;jpy; FHe;ijfspd;

md;g[. ghrk;. njhHik kw;Wk; mth;fspd; g';F Mfpait mth;fSf;F bghpJk; mUikahditahFk;/
22/ ey;Ywt[ vd;gJ cz;ikahd cwt[fspd; kjpg;iga[k;. jFjpepiyiaa[k; Fwpj;J khwptUk; bewpKiwfisg; gpujpgypf;fpd;w xU rpwg;g[ gl;lifahFk;/ xU FHe;ijapd; ey;Ywt[ kjpg;g[. mf;FHe;ijapd; ,wg;g[ epfGk; re;jh;g;gj;jpy;. jPh;tspf;fg;gLk; ,Hg;gPl;od; bghUshjhu kjpg;gpidna kp";rptpLfpwJ vd;gij cyfk; KGtJk; cs;s etPd mjpfhutuk;g[fs; m';fPfhpj;Js;sd/
Mifahy;. xU FHe;ij ,wg;gjd; fhuzkhf Vw;gLk; ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;gpd; fPH; bgw;nwhUf;F ,Hg;gPL jPh;tspf;fg;gl ntz;Lbkd;gij bgUk;ghyhd mjpfhutuk;g[fs; mDkjpf;fpd;wd/ bgw;nwhUf;F jPh;tspf;fg;gLk; bjhif vd;gJ ,we;Jnghd FHe;ijapd; md;g[. ghrk;. mf;fiw kw;Wk; njhHik Mfpatw;wpd; ,Hg;g[f;F <Lbra;tjhFk;/
23/ nkhl;lhh; thfd';fs; rl;lk; vd;gJ cz;ikahd nfhUhpik bra;ag;gLk; tHf;Ffspy; ghjpf;fg;gl;lth;fSf;F my;yJ mth;fSila FLk;g';fSf;F epthuzk; tH';Fk; nehf;fKila gaDs;s rl;lkhFk;/ bgw;nwhh; j';fsJ
,sth; FHe;ijfs; my;yJ jpUkzkhfhj kfd; my;yJ kfis ,He;JtpLk; neh;tpy; kft[hpikr;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ vd;w jiyg;gpd;fPH; ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[f;fhf bgw;nwhh;fs;

jPh;tspf;fg;gLtjw;Fhpath;fshth;/ bgw;nwhh;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[
,Hg;g[j; bjhif. ,r;rl;lj;jpd; fPH; nkhl;lhh; thfd tpgj;Jfspy; j';fsJ bgw;nwhh;fis ,He;JtpLk;
FHe;ijfSf;F jPh;tspf;fg;gLfpwJ/ xU rpy cah; ePjpkd;w';fs; ,e;j fzf;fPl;od;go ,Hg;gPL jPh;tspj;Js;sd/ vdpDk;. kft[hpikr;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[
,Hg;gpd;nghpy; ve;j ,Hg;gPL jPh;tspf;fg;glf;TLk; vd;gjdog;gilapyhd nfhl;ghLfisg; bghWj;jtiuapy; bjspt[ VJkpy;iy/@
32/ nkf;kh b$duy; ,d;N:ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; vd;w tHf;fpy; ,Uth; mkh;t[ ePjpauhak; ,we;Jnghdthpd; je;ijf;Fk;. rnfhjhpf;Fk; bjhif
U:/40.000-?I jPh;tspj;jJ/ gj;jp 24 gpd;tUkhW:-
@24/ @ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[@?f;fhf jPh;tspf;fg;gLk; ,Hg;gPl;Lj; bjhif (nkw;fz;l) gpuza; nrjp vd;w tHf;fpy; tFj;Jiuf;fg;gl;Ls;sthW. *ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[*?,d; fPH;
,Hg;gPL jPh;tspg;g[ nfhl;ghLfspd;go fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gLk;/ jw;nghija tHf;fpy;. kft[hpikr;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[
,Hg;g[f;fhf je;ij kw;Wk; rnfhjhp xt;bthUtUf;Fk; bjhif U:/40.000-?I jPh;tspg;gJ rhpahdJ vd eh';fs; fUJfpd;nwhk;/@

33/ a[idbll; ,e;jpah ,d;N:ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; ?vjph;? rjpe;jh; ft[h; vd;fpw rj;tpe;jh; ft[h; kw;Wk; gyh;. (2020) v!;/rp/rp/ Md;iyd;
410 vd;w tHf;fpy; K:tukh; ePjpauhak;. nkf;kh b$duy; ,d;N:ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; vd;w tHf;fpy; ePjpah; <uhaj;jpd; fUj;jpid kPz;Lk; cWjp bra;jpUe;jJ/ K:tukh; ePjpauhak; gj;jp 53?ypUe;J 65 tiuapy; K:d;W tHf;fkhd jiyg;g[fis tpthjpj;jJ/ K:tukh; ePjpauhaj;jpd; K:d;W tHf;fkhd jiyg;g[fs;
Fwpj;j xl;Lbkhj;j tpthjKk; gpd;tUkhW:-
@53/ (nkw;fz;l) gpuza; nrjp vd;w tHf;fpy;. kuz tHf;Ffspy;
K:d;W tHf;fkhd jiyg;g[fshd brhj;J ,Hg;g[. ey;Ywt[
,Hg;g[ kw;Wk; <kr; bryt[fs; Mfpatw;wpd; fPH; kl;Lnk
,Hg;gPL tH';fg;gLk; vd murikg;g[ ePjpauhak; jPh;khdpj;Js;sJ/
54/ tHf;fkhd kw;Wk; kug[rhh;e;j jiyg;g[fs;. tpGf;fhl;od; mog;gilapy; jPh;khdpf;fg;gl ,ayhJ. Vbddpy; mJ
Vw;Wf;bfhs;sf;Toa mst[nfhy; my;y vd;W
,e;ePjpkd;wk; jPh;khdpj;jJ/ tUthia jPh;khdpg;gJ nghyy;yhky;. nkw;brhd;d jiyg;g[fs; mWjpaplg;gl ntz;Lk;/ ve;j mWjpaPLk; xU neh;ikahd Mjhuj;ijf; bfhz;oUf;fntz;Lk;/ tpiyg;gl;oay;. t';fp tl;o tPH;r;rpailjy;. tPj';fspd; Vw;wk; nghd;w fhuzpfs;

ghprPyidf;F vLj;Jf;bfhs;sg;glntz;oa mk;r';fshFk; vdf; fUj;Jiuf;fg;gl;lJ/ tHf;fkhd jiyg;g[fshd brhj;J ,Hg;g[. ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[ kw;Wk; <kr; bryt[fs; Mfpatw;wpd; mog;gilapyhd epahakhd bjhif Kiwna U:/15.000-?. U:/40.000-? kw;Wk; U:/15.000-?Mf ,Uf;fntz;Lk; vd ePjpkd;wk; jPh;khdpj;Js;sJ/ ,e;j tHf;fkhd jiyg;g[fspd; fPH; jPh;tspf;fg;gLk; bjhif. xt;bthU K:d;W Mz;LfSf;Fk;
10# vd;w mstpy; cah;j;jg;glntz;Lk;. ,J mj;jiyg;g[fisg; bghWj;jkl;oy; xj;jj;jd;ikiaf; bfhz;LtUk; vd;gJ ePjpkd;wj;jpd; fUj;jhFk;/ m) brhj;J ,Hg;g[ ? U:/15.000-?Mf jPh;tspf;fg;gLk;/
M) ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[/
55/ rl;lg; gh';Fiuapy; ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[ vd;gJ thH;f;ifj;Jizf;F kl;Lnk jPh;tspf;fg;glntz;oabjd gH';fijahf xU FWfpa bghUs;tpsf;fk; mspf;fg;gl;lJ. mjhtJ. njhHik. mf;fiw. cjtp. MWjy;. tHpfhl;Ljy;. Tl;LthH;t[. njWjy;. ghrk; kw;Wk; mtuJ my;yJ mtsJ Jiza[ldhd jhk;gj;a cwt[fs;
Mfpatw;Wf;F thH;f;ifj;Jizf;Fs;s chpikahFk;/ thH;f;ifj;Jizahdth; njhHika[zh;t[. md;g[. mf;fiw

kw;Wk; ghJfhg;g[ Kjypatw;iw ,He;JtpLtjhy; mtUf;F chpaKiwapy; <Lbra;antz;Lk;/ ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[f;F mog;gilf; bfhs;ifahf cs;s gz";rhuh ,Hg;g[. mbkhpf;fh. M!;jpnuypah nghd;w gpw ehLfspd; gy;ntW mjpfhutuk;g[fspy; ,Hg;gPL tH';Ftjw;fhd Kf;fpakhd jiyg;g[fspy; xd;whfj; jpfH;fpwJ/ jw;fhypfkhf Cdk;
Vw;gLk; fhyfl;lj;jpd;nghJk; thH;f;ifj;Jiz ,Hg;gPL bgWtjw;fhd chpikia M';fpy ePjpkd;w';fSk; m';fPfhpj;Js;sd/
56/ nkf;kh b$duy; ,d;N:ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; ?vjph;? ehD uhk; kw;Wk; gyh; vd;w tHf;fpy; *ey;Ywt[* vd;gJ thH;f;ifj;Jizrhh;e;j ey;Ywt[. bgw;nwhh;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ vd;gnjhL kft[hpikr;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ Mfpatw;iw cs;slf;fpa fUj;Jr;brwpthd brhy;yhFk; vd
,e;ePjpkd;wk; bghUs;tpsf;fkspj;Js;sJ/ ey;Ywt[ chpik vd;gJ kuzKw;wthpd; FLk;gj;Jf;F Vw;gLk; ,Hg;ghd. mtuJ njhHik. mf;fiw. cjtp. MWjy;. tHpfhl;Ljy;. njWjy; kw;Wk; ghrk; Mfpatw;iw cs;slf;Fk;/ thH;f;ifj;Jiziag; bghWj;jkl;oy;. ,we;Jnghd thH;f;ifj;Jiza[ldhd jhk;gj;a cwtpida[k; cs;slf;Fk;/

57/ bgw;nwhh;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[j; bjhif vd;gJ bgw;nwhhpd; cjtp. ghJfhg;g[. ghrk;. Tl;LthH;t[. xGf;fk;. tHpfhl;Ljy; kw;Wk; gapw;rp Mfpatw;wpd; ,Hg;g[f;fhf chpafhyj;jpw;F Kd;djhf bgw;nwhh; ,we;JtpLtjd;nghpy; mf;FHe;ijf;F tH';fg;gLfpwJ/
58/ kft[hpikr;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ vd;gJ xU FHe;ij jw;brayhf ,wf;fnehpLk;nghJ. tHf;fpy; ,Hg;gPl;Lf;F bgw;nwhUf;Fs;s chpikahFk;/ xU FHe;ijapd;
,wg;gpw;F fhuzkhFk; xU tpgj;J. ,we;Jnghdthpd;
FLk;gj;jpw;Fk;. bgw;nwhUf;Fk;. ngujph;r;rpiaa[k;. fLe;Jahpida[k; tpistpf;fpd;wJ/ bgw;nwhUf;F mth;fsJ Ma[l;fhyj;jpd;nghJ mth;fSila FHe;ijia
,Hg;gJ bgUe;JaukhFk;/ jdpbahU FLk;gj;jpy;
FHe;ijfspd; md;g[. ghrk;. njhHik kw;Wk; mth;fspd; g';F Mfpait mth;fSf;F bghpJk; mUikahditahFk;/
59/ xU FHe;ijapd; ey;Ywt[ kjpg;g[. mf;FHe;ijapd; ,wg;g[ epfGk; re;jh;g;gj;jpy; jPh;tspf;fg;gLk; ,Hg;gPl;od; bghUshjhu kjpg;gpidna kp";rptpLfpwJ vd;gij cyfk;
KGtJk; cs;s etPd mjpfhutuk;g[fs; m';fPfhpj;Js;sd/ xU FHe;ij ,wg;gjd; fhuzkhf Vw;gLk; ey;Ywt[
,Hg;gpd; fPH;. bgw;nwhUf;F ,Hg;gPL jPh;tspf;fg;glntz;Lk;

vd;gij bgUk;ghyhd mjpfhutuk;g[fs; mDkjpf;fpd;wd/ bgw;nwhUf;F jPh;tspf;fg;gLk; bjhif vd;gJ ,we;Jnghd
FHe;ijapd; md;g[. ghrk;. mf;fiw kw;Wk; njhHik
Mfpatw;wpd; ,Hg;g[f;F <Lbra;tjhFk;/
60/ nkhl;lhh; thfd';fs; rl;lk;. 1988 vd;gJ cz;ikahd nfhUhpik bra;ag;gLk; tHf;Ffspy;. ghjpf;fg;gl;lth;? fSf;F my;yJ mth;fSila FLk;g';fSf;F epthuzk; tH';Fk; nehf;fj;Jld; tidag;gl;l xU gaDs;s rl;lkhFk;/ bgw;nwhh; j';fsJ ,sth; FHe;ijfs; my;yJ jpUkzkhfhj kfd; my;yJ kfis ,He;JtpLk; neh;tpy; kft[hpikr;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPH; ey;Ywt[
,Hg;g[f;fhf bgw;nwhh;fs; jPh;tspf;fg;gLtjw;Fhpath;fshth;/
61/ bgw;nwhh;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[j; bjhif nkhl;lhh; thfd tpgj;Jfspy; j';fsJ bgw;nwhh;fspd; mf;fiw kw;Wk; ghJfhg;gpid ,He;JtpLk; FHe;ijfSf;F jPh;tspf;fg; gLfpwJ/
62/ ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[f;fhf jPh;tspf;fg;glntz;oa bjhif
(nkw;fz;l) gpuza; nrjp vd;w tHf;fpy; eph;zapj;jg;goahdjhf ,Uf;Fk;/
63/ ,f;fl;lj;jpy;. ey;Ywt[. md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[f;fhf bjhif tH';FtJ bjhlh;ghf. mJ xnu rPuhd

jd;ika[ld; tH';FtJ mtrpabkd;W eh';fs; fUJfpnwhk;/ gy;ntW jPh;g;gha';fSk;. cah; ePjpkd;w';fSk; md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[. ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[ vd;w
,t;tpuz;Lf;fhft[k; ,Hg;gPL jPh;tspj;J tUfpd;wd/
(nkw;fz;l) gpuza; nrjp vd;w tHf;fpy; murikg;g[ ePjpauhak; K:d;W tHf;fkhd jiyg;g[fshd brhj;J
,Hg;g[. ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[ kw;Wk; <kr; bryt[fs;
Mfpatw;wpd; fPH; kl;Lnk ,Hg;gPL jPh;tspf;f ,aYk; vd;gij m';fPfhpj;Js;sJ/
64/ (nkw;fz;l) nkf;kh b$duy; vd;w tHf;fpy;; thH;f;ifj;Jizrhh;e;j ey;Ywt[. bgw;nwhh;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ vd;gnjhL kft[hpikr;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ cs;spl;l ey;Ywt[f;F ,e;ePjpkd;wk; tphpthd bghUs;tpsf;fk; mspj;Js;sJ/ ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[ vd;gjw;Fs;shfnt md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[ ml';fptpLfpwJ/
65/ jPh;g;gha';fSk;. cah; ePjpkd;w';fSk; rl;lg;goahf cs;s tHf;fkhd jiyg;ghd ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[f;fhd ,Hg;gPL jPh;tspf;f gzpf;fg;gLfpd;wd/ md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;ig xU jdpg;gl;l jiyg;ghff;bfhz;L ,Hg;gPL tH';Ftjpy; epahakpy;iy/

,) <kr; brytpd';fs; ? U:/15.000-? jPh;tspf;fg;glntz;Lk;/@
34/ nkw;brhd;d tHf;fpy; K:tukh; ePjpauhak;. thH;f;ifj;Jizrhh;e;j ey;Ywt[. bgw;nwhh;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ vd;gnjhL kft[hpikr;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[
Mfpatw;iw cs;slf;ff;Toa *ey;Ywt[* vDk; brhy;Yf;F mspf;fg;gl;l tphpthd bghUs;tpsf;fj;ij m';fPfhpj;Js;sJ/ nkYk;. K:tukh; ePjpauhak; *ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[* vd;gjw;Fs; *md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[* ml';fpapUe;jhYk; *md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk;
,Hg;g[*?I xU jdpg;gl;l jiyg;ghff;bfhz;L ,Hg;gPL mspg;gjpy; epahakpy;iy/
35/ gpuza; nrjp vd;w tHf;fpy; murikg;g[ ePjpauhaKk;. tHf;fkhd jiyg;gpd; fPH; *md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[* bjhlh;ghf ,Hg;gPL vjida[k; cs;slf;ftpy;iy vd;gJ (nkw;fz;l) a[idbll; ,e;jpah ,d;N:ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; vd;w tHf;fpy; K:tukh; ePjpauhaj;jhYk; jw;nghJ typa[Wj;jpf;
Twg;gl;oUf;fpwJ/ Mfnt. *md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[* vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPH;
,Hg;gPL mspg;gjw;F ,ayhJ vd;W jw;nghJ mjpfhug;g{h;tkhf ed;F mWjpaplg;gl;Ls;sJ/
36/ *ey;Ywt[* vd;Dk; brhy;. 10?Mk; gjpg;g[. gpshf;fpd; rl;lr;brhy; mfuhjpapy; bghUs;tiuaWf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ/ gpshf;fpd;; rl;lr;brhy; mfuhjpa[k; kft[hpikr;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[. bgw;nwhh;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ kw;Wk; thH;f;ifj;Jiz rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ Mfpatw;iw xnurkaj;jpy; gpd;tUk; Kiwapy;
Fwpg;gpl;oUf;fpwJ:-
@ey;Ywt[ 1/ xU egh;. Fwpg;ghf thH;f;ifj;Jiz xUth;. kw;bwhU JizaplkpUe;J njhHik. xj;JiHg;g[. ghrk;. cjtp.

epjpahjut[ kw;Wk; (thH;f;ifj;JizfSf;F ,ilnaahd) jhk;gj;a cwt[ cs;spl;l gyd;fisg; bgWgth; ey;Ywt[
,Hg;g[f;fhd chpik nfhUtjw;Fhpatuhthh;/
● kft[hpikr;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ xU bgw;nwhUf;F xU
FHe;ijaplkpUe;J fpilf;ff;Toa ,zf;fk;. ghrk; kw;Wk; njhHikrhh;e;j cwt[/
● bgw;nwhh;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ xU FHe;ijf;F xU bgw;nwhhplkpUe;J fpilf;ff;Toa ,zf;fk;. ghrk; kw;Wk; njhHikrhh;e;j cwt[/
● thH;f;ifj;Jizrhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ xU thH;f;ifj;Jizf;F kw;bwhU thH;f;ifj;JizaplkpUe;J fpilf;ff;Toa
,zf;fk;. ghrk; kw;Wk; njhHikrhh;e;j cwt[/@
37/ (nkw;fz;l) nkf;kh b$duy; ,d;N:ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; vd;w tHf;Fld; (nkw;fz;l) a[idbll; ,e;jpah ,d;N:ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; vd;w tHf;fpy; ey;Ywt[ vd;gJ thH;f;ifj;Jiz ey;Ywt[f;F kl;Lk; tiuaWf;fg;glhJ kft[hpikr;rhh;e;j ey;YwnthL. bgw;nwhh;rhh;e;j ey;Ywita[k; cs;slf;FfpwJ vd;W K:tukh; ePjpauhak; tFj;Jiuj;Js;sJ/ (nkw;fz;l) a[idbll; ,e;jpah ,d;N:ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; vd;w tHf;fpd; gj;jp 87?,y;.
K:d;W nfhUhpikahsh;fSf;Fk; ,t;thwhf ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[f;fhd bjhif jPh;tspf;fg;gl;lJ/ gj;jp 87 fPH;tUkhW Fwpg;gpl;Lf;fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ:-

@87/ tHf;fkhd jiyg;g[fs; vd;gijg; bghWj;jtiuapy;
,we;Jnghd rj;ghy; rp';. mtiur; rhh;e;J thH;e;Jte;jth;fshd tpjit kidtpiaa[k;. K:d;W
FHe;ijfisa[k; tpl;L ,we;Jtpl;lhh;/ (nkw;fz;l) gpuza; nrjp kw;Wk; (nkw;fz;l) nkf;kh b$duy; vd;w tHf;Ffspd; jPh;g;g[iufspd; mog;gilapy; tHf;fkhd jiyg;g[fspd; fPH; gpd;tUk; bjhiffs; jPh;tspf;fg; gl;Ls;sd:- i) brhj;J ,Hg;g[ : U:/ 15.000-? ii) ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[ :
(m) thH;f;ifj;Jiz ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[ : U:/40.000-?
(M) bgw;nwhhpd; ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[ : 40.000 x 3 =
U:/1.20.000-? iii) <kr; brytpd';fs; : U:/15.000-?@
38/ gpuza; nrjp vd;w tHf;fpy; thH;f;ifj;Jizrhh;e;j ey;Ywt[
,Hg;g[j; bjhif kl;Lnk Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sJ vd;Wk;. nkYk; gpuza; nrjp tHf;fpd; jPh;g;g[iuapy; ntbwe;j ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[j; bjhif Fwpj;Jk;
Fwpg;gplg;gltpy;iy. vdnt bgw;nwhh;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[j; bjhifiaa[k;. kft[hpikr;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[j; bjhifiaa[k; mDkjpj;jjw;fhd epahakhd fhuztpsf;fk; mspf;fg;gltpy;iy vd nky;KiwaPl;lhsUf;fhd

fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"h; thjpl;Ls;shh;/ gpuza; nrjp vd;w tHf;fpy; murikg;g[ ePjpauhak; *ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[*?f;F bjhif U:/40.000-?I Fwpg;gpl;Ls;snj jtpu. murikg;g[ ePjpauhak; thH;f;ifj;Jizrhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[f;fhf U:/40.000-? kl;Lnk brYj;jf;Toajh> vd;gJ Fwpj;j gpur;rpidia tpthjpj;jpUf;ftpy;iy/ ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[f;fhd bjhif kidtpf;F kl;Lnk brYj;jf;ToaJ vd;w fUj;jpid gpuza; nrjp vd;w tHf;fpd; jPh;g;g[iu tFj;Jiug;gjhf bghUs;bfhs;s ,ayhJ/
39/ (nkw;fz;l) a[idbll; ,e;jpah ,d;N:ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; vd;w tHf;fpy; thH;f;ifj;Jizrhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[j; bjhif jtpu bgw;nwhh;rhh;e;j kw;Wk; kft[hpikr;rhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[f;fhd bjhifa[k; brYj;jf;Toabjd
K:tukh; ePjpauhak; Iaj;jpw;fplkpd;wp tFj;Jiuj;Js;sJ/ K:tukh; ePjpauhaj;jpd; nkw;brhd;d jPh;g;g[iu v';fisa[k; fl;Lg;gLj;Jtjhfnt eh';fs; vz;Qqfpnwhk;/
Mjyhy;. xt;bthU nfhUhpikahsh;fSf;Fk; jPh;tspf;fg;gl;l ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[j; bjhif epiyepWj;jj;jf;fjy;y vd;Dk; nky;KiwaPl;lhsUf;fhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"hpd; thjj;ij eh';fs; Vw;f ,ayhJ/
40/ Mjyhy;. xt;bthU nfhUhpikahsh;fSf;Fk; ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[j; bjhifia. rl;lg;go jPh;t[ bra;j cah; ePjpkd;wj;jpd; nfs;tpf;Fs;shd jPh;g;g[iufs;. ,e;j nky;KiwaPl;oy; jiyapLtjw;F nfhutpy;iy vd eh';fs; mwpfpnwhk;/ vdpDk;. *md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[* vDk; jdpg;gl;l jiyg;gpd; fPH; ,Hg;gPL jPh;tspg;gjw;fhd epahakhd fhuztpsf;fk; VJkpy;iy vd;w nky;KiwaPl;lhsUf;fhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"hpd; thj';fis eh';fs;
Vw;fpnwhk;/ *md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[* vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPH; ,Hg;gPL

jPh;tspg;gijg; bghWj;jtiuapy; nky;KiwaPl;lhsuhy; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;l nky;KiwaPL mDkjpf;fj;jf;fjhFk;/
41/ nky;KiwaPl;lhsUf;fhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"uhy; rhh;t[wg;gl;l
,e;ePjpkd;wj;jpd; K:tukh; ePjpauhaj;jpd; jPh;g;g[iuahd r';fPjh Mh;ah kw;Wk; gyh;
?vjph;? Xhpaz;ly; ,d;N:ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; kw;Wk; gyh;. (2020) v!;/rp/rp/
Md;iyd; 513?Ia[k; eh';fs; ftdpj;njhk;/ ,e;ePjpkd;wk; *ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[*?f;fhd bjhif U:/40.000-? kl;Lnk tH';fpapUg;gJ. FHe;ijfSf;F ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[j; bjhif tH';fg;gl ,ayhJ vd;gijr; Rl;of;fhl;Ltjhf cs;sbjd nky;KiwaPl;lhsUf;fhd tHf;Fiu"h; gzpe;Jiuf;fpwhh;/ nkw;brhd;d tHf;fpy;. nkhl;lhh; tpgj;J nfhUhpikfs; jPh;g;ghak;. ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[f;fhf tpjit kidtpf;F U:/20.000-?Kk;. *md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[*?f;fhf ,sth; kfSf;F
U:/10.000-?Kk; jPh;tspj;Js;sJ/ cah; ePjpkd;wk; ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[j; bjhifapid
U:/20.000-?ypUe;J U:/10.000-?Mf Fiwj;Js;sJ/ jPh;g;g[iuapd; gj;jp 16 gpd;tUkhW:-
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U:/20.000-?ypUe;J U:/10.000-?Mf Fiwf;fg;gl;lJ/ ,sth; kfs;fSf;F md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[f;fhf jPh;tspf;fg;gl;l bjhif U:/10.000-?ypUe;J U:/5.000-?Mf
Fiwf;fg;gl;lJ/ vdpDk;. nkh/tp/nfh/ jPh;g;ghaj;jhy;

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U:/5.000-? epiyepWj;jg;gl;lJ/@
42/ nkw;brhd;d tHf;fpy; ,e;ePjpkd;wk; ,we;jthpd; tUtha; bjhlh;ghd ghprPyidf;Fl;gLj;jpf;bfhz;lJ. nkYk;. ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[f;fhd bjhif kw;w rl;lg;goahd thhpRfSf;Fk; brYj;jg;gl;oUf;fntz;Lk; vd;W ve;jtpj ghprPyida[k; bra;ag;gltpy;iy/ vt;tpj nfhUhpika[k; vGg;gg;gltpy;iy/ kw;w rl;lg;goahd thhpRfSf;Fk; ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[j; bjhif brYj;Jtjw;fhd nfhUhpik ,y;iybad;whYk;. ,e;ePjpkd;wk; ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[f;fhf bjhif
U:/40.000-?I jPh;tspj;jJ/ ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[f;fhd bjhif. thH;f;ifj;Jizrhh;e;j ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[f;fhd bjhifahfnt brYj;jf;ToaJ vd;Wk;. me;j ey;Ywt[
,Hg;g[f;fhd bjhif FHe;ijfSf;Fk;. bgw;nwhh;fSf;Fk; brYj;jf;Toajy;y vd;Wk; ,e;ePjpkd;wk; jPh;khdpj;Js;sJ vd mj;jifa mft[iu vJt[k; nkw;brhd;d jPh;g;g[iuapypUe;J mwptjw;fpy;iy/
43/ eh';fs; Vw;bfdnt nkny Fwpg;gpl;Ls;s jPh;g;g[iuahd nkw;go
K:tukh; ePjpauhak;. r';fPjh Mh;ah vd;w tHf;fpd; jPh;g;g[iuapy; thH;f;ifj;Jizrhh;e;j kw;Wk; bgw;nwhh;rhh;e;j vd;w ,t;tpuz;od; ey;Ywt[
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,e;ePjpkd;wj;jpd; jPh;g;g[iuiaf; Fwpg;gpLtJ jf;fjhFk;/
44/ eh';fs;. chpikapay; nky;KiwaPL vz; 2885-2020?,y; 12/6/2020 md;W jPh;t[ bra;ag;gl;l vk;/bcwr;/ ckh knf!;thp kw;Wk; gyh; ?vjph;? a[idbll;
,e;jpah ,d;N:ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; vd;w tHf;fpy; ,e;ePjpkd;wj;jpd;

Ktukh; ePjpauhaj;jpd; kw;WbkhU jPh;g;g[iuiaa[k; ftdpj;jpw;bfhz;nlhk;/ nkw;brhd;d tHf;fpy;. jPh;g;ghak;. kidtpf;F ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[ bjhlh;ghf bjhif
U:gha; xU ,yl;rKk;. md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[ bjhlh;ghf midj;J nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fSf;Fk; U:gha; K:d;W ,yl;rKk; jPh;tspj;jJ/ cah; ePjpkd;wk; nkw;brhd;d tHf;fpy; fhg;gPl;L epWkj;jhy; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;l nky;KiwaPl;oy;
,Hg;gPl;Lj; bjhifiaf; Fiwj;jJ/ jPh;g;ghak; *md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[* vd;w jiyg;g[ bjhlh;ghf Kjy; nky;KiwaPl;lhsUf;F U:gha; xU ,yl;rk; jPh;tspf;ifapy;. kidtpf;F ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[ bjhlh;ghf U:gha; xU ,yl;rk; bjhif jPh;tspj;J jtwpiHj;Jtpl;lJ vd cah; ePjpkd;wk; jPh;khdpj;jJ/ nfhUhpikahsuhy; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;l nky;KiwaPl;oid mDkjpj;J.
,e;ePjpkd;wk; nkh/tp/nfh/jP/?,d; Mizia epiyepWj;jpaJ/
45/ nkw;go jPh;g;g[iu K:tukh; ePjpauhaj;jhy; tH';fg;gl;oUe;jhYk;. ey;Ywt[ ,Hg;g[f;fhf U:gha; xU ,yl;rKk;. md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[f;fhf
U:gha; K:d;W ,yl;rKk; ,Hg;gPL jPh;tspj;jJ Fwpj;J vJt[k; vjph;j;Jiuf;fg;gltpy;iy/ ,e;j nky;KiwaPL nfhUhpikahsh;fshy; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;lnjjtpu fhg;gPl;L epWkj;jhy; my;y/ ,e;ePjpkd;wk; @md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk;
,Hg;g[@ vd;w jiyg;gpd; fPH; jPh;tspf;fg;gl;l bjhifapd; rhpaPL Fwpj;J ePjpkd;wk; jPh;g;g[ gfutpy;iy/
46/ eh';fs;. (rp/m/k/ (c) vz; 8250-2020?,y; vGfpd;w) chpikapay; nky;KiwaPL vz; /////-2020?,y; Xhpaz;ly; ,d;N:ud;!; fk;bgdp ypkpbll; ?vjph;? jpUkjp hp';F njtp kw;Wk; gyh; vd;w tHf;fpy; Kd;itf;fg;gl;l TLjy; thj';fisa[k; ftdj;jpw;bfhz;nlhk;/ nkw;Fwpg;gplg;gl;lthW. nfhUhpikahsh;fs;

xt;bthUtUf;Fk; @md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[@?f;fhf U:/50.000-? tPjj;jpy; ,Hg;gPL jPh;tspj;j cah; ePjpkd;wj;jpd; cj;jut[ epahakw;wJ vd eh';fs; fUJtjhy;.
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9?,y; rl;lg;goahd bjhif. mjDld; nrh;e;jile;j tl;oa[ld; M!;uh epjpapy; nrh;g;gpf;fg;glntz;Lk; vd;W Mizapl;lija[k; eh';fs; nkw;go nky;KiwaPl;oy; ePf;fwt[ bra;fpnwhk;/
47/ Kothf. midj;J nky;KiwaPLfSk; gFjpahf mDkjpf;fg;gLfpd;wd/ @md;g[ kw;Wk; ghrk; ,Hg;g[@ vd;w tHf;fkhd jiyg;gpd; fPH; jPh;tspj;j ,Hg;gPl;oid ePf;fwt[ bra;fpnwhk;/ nkhl;lhh; tpgj;J nfhUhpikfs; jPh;g;gha';fs; brYj;jf;Toa bjhifia kWfzf;fPL bra;J. rl;lg;go nkw;bfhz;L eltof;iffs; vLf;fntz;Lk;/
48/ mjw;fpz';f midj;J nky;KiwaPLfSk; gFjpahf mDkjpf;fg; gLfpd;wd/ bryt[j;bjhif ,y;iy/ khz;g[kpF ePjpaurh; jpU/ mnc&hf; g{c&d; khz;g[kpF ePjpaurh; jpU/ Mh;/ Rghc&; bul;o g[J jpy;yp.
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