Naresh Kumar Sabherwal v. Dinesh Gupta & Ors.

Delhi High Court · 19 May 2023 · 2023:DHC:3556-DB
Vibhu BakhrU; Amit Mahajan
RFA(COMM) 98/2023
2023:DHC:3556-DB
civil appeal_dismissed

AI Summary

The Delhi High Court dismissed the appeal challenging the adjustment of security deposit against rent arrears under a lease, holding that the deposit clause incorporated in the plaint justified such adjustment despite the respondents' written statement being struck off.

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Neutral Citation Number is 2023:DHC:3556-DB
RFA(COMM) 98/2023
HIGH COURT OF DELHI
Date of Decision: 19th May, 2023
RFA(COMM) 98/2023
NARESH KUMAR SABHERWAL ..... APPELLANT
Through: Mr. Pramod Kumar Ahuja and Mr. Sumit Sahni, Advs.
VERSUS
DINESH GUPTA & ORS. ..... RESPONDENTS
Through:
CORAM:
HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE VIBHU BAKHRU
HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE AMIT MAHAJAN VIBHU BAKHRU, J. (Oral)
CM APPL. 26829/2023 (condonation of delay in filing the appeal before this Hon’ble Court)
JUDGMENT

1. For the reasons stated in the application, the same is allowed and the delay in filing the present appeal is condoned.

2. The application stands disposed of. CM APPL. 26828/2023 (exemption from filing the certified copies of impugned judgment as well as of annexures as well as typed, dim and less margin copies)

3. Exemption allowed, subject to all just exceptions.

4. The application stands disposed of. RFA(COMM) 98/2023 & CM APPL. 26830/2023

5. The appellant has filed the present appeal impugning judgment and decree dated 22.12.2022 passed by the learned Commercial Court in CS (COMM) No. 531/2019 (‘the impugned judgment’).

6. The appellant had filed the aforementioned suit, inter alia, praying for a decree of ₹9,20,514/- (Rupees Nine Lakhs Twenty Thousand Five Hundred and Fourteen Only) along with interest at the rate of 18% per annum.

7. The appellant’s (plaintiff’s) cause of action rested on failure on the part of the respondents to pay rent in terms of the Lease Deed dated 18.09.2013 ( hereafter ‘the Lease Deed’) in respect of Shop NO. 44, Old Rajinder Nagar Market, New Delhi (hereafter ‘the said property’).

8. The appellant had leased the said property in terms of the Lease Deed to the respondents. The term of the lease was for the period of two years commencing from 01.09.2013. According to the appellant, the tenancy came to an end on 30.08.2015 by flux of time, however, the lease was verbally renewed from time to time.

9. The appellant claimed that in terms of the Lease Deed, rent was required to be increased by 10% for each subsequent year, and therefore, he is also entitled to the said increase over and above the rent as mentioned in the Lease Deed.

10. According to the appellant, the respondent was liable to pay rent at the rate of ₹30,800/- per month for the period 01.09.2014 to 30.08.2015 and at the rate of ₹33,880/- per month for the period 01.09.2015 to 31.08.2016. He claimed that the rent was also required to be enhanced for the subsequent periods on similar basis.

11. The appellant claimed that on failure of the respondents to pay the enhanced rent, an amount of ₹3,96,067.84/- was due and payable. However, this did not conform to the demand raised by the appellant in its legal notice, which the appellant claimed was erroneous.

12. The appellant also claimed mesne profits at rate of ₹80,000/per month for the period commencing from June, 2019.

13. The respondents filed the written statement, however, the same was struck off.

14. The learned Commercial Court proceeded to examine the admitted facts. It noted that there was no dispute that the possession of the property was taken over by the plaintiff on 17.01.2021. The court also noted that the respondents had offered possession of the said property on 03.06.2020.

15. The learned Commercial Court found that appellant had failed to lead any evidence or place any material on record to establish the rental value of the properties in the vicinity. Accordingly, the court held that the appellant was not entitled to the mesne profits / damages at the rate of ₹80,000/-, as claimed. However, the learned Commercial Court quantified the amount payable to the appellant on the basis of the last rent paid by the respondent for the period 01.06.2019 to 03.06.2020 (the date on which possession was offered to the appellant).

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16. The dispositive paragraph of the impugned judgment is set out below:

“15. In the instant case, it is a matter of record that the possession of suit property was offered by the defendants to plaintiff on 03.06.2020, which was refused by the plaintiff. Applying the ratio of the afore mentioned case, the plaintiff cannot claim mesne profits/damages for the period 03.06.2020 to 17.01.2021. In so far as mesne profits/ damages are concerned, the plaintiff has claimed the same @ Rs.80,000/- per month. During the cross-examination of PW1, it was admitted by him that the suit property was lying vacant ever since the defendant had vacated the same and that he had made no attempt to re-let the suit property. It was also testified by him that he was not aware of the rentals in the vicinity but as per the public information and the information from property dealers, the rent was about Rs.60- 70,000/- per month. The plaintiff failed to lead any evidence or place on record any lease deed of a similarly situated property to prove that the suit property a: the relevant time could fetch rent of Rs.80,000/- per month. In view of the same, the plaintiff cannot demand mesne profits/damages @ Rs.80,000/- per month from the defendants. The
plaintiff also claimed damages/ mesne profits from 01.06.2019, since the lease was determined vide notice dated 08.08.2019 w.e.f. midnight of 30.09.2019. Therefore, as the last paid rent was @Rs.32,400/- (GST and ST @ 9% each (Rs.2,700 x 2 = Rs.5400/-) per month, I am of the considered opinion that plaintiff is entitled to the same rate of rent w.e.f. 01.06.2019 to 03.06.2020 after adjusting the advance deposit of Rs.84,000/-. The plaintiff is also held entitled to arrears of electricity and water charges, if any, w.e.f. 04.11.2016 to 17.01.2021.”

17. The learned counsel appearing for the appellant has confined the challenge to the impugned judgment to the extent that the learned Commercial Court has adjusted the security deposit of ₹84,000/- from the amount payable to the appellant, as determined by the Court.

18. He submits that since the written statement filed by the respondents had been removed from the record, therefore, no adjustment could be made in their favour. He submits since there was no counter claim by the respondents for refund of security deposit of ₹84,000/-, the same could not have been adjusted from the amount as computed by the learned Commercial Court.

19. We find no merit in the aforesaid contention.

20. Paragraph 6 of the plaint filed by the appellant referred to the Lease Deed dated 18.09.2013 and had sought to incorporate the terms thereof as a part of the plaint. Paragraph 6 of the plaint is set out below:

“6. That the terms and conditions so contemplated in the Lease Deed dated 18.09.2013 are not reproduced herewith for the sake of brevity but as the Copy of the Lease Deed is being filed herewith by the Plaintiff & the plaintiff rely upon the original Lease Deed and as such the terms and conditions may also be read as part of this Plaint.”

21. In view of the aforesaid pleading, the appellant has set up the Lease Deed as an integral part of its case. Paragraph 3 of the Lease Deed – which by virtue of Paragraph 6 of the plaint is incorporated as a part of the plaint – reads as under:

“3. That the lessee has paid to the lessor an amount of Rs. 84000/- (Rupees Eighty Four thousand only) equivalent to Three months rent through Two account payee cheques Rs. 51000/- vide No. 187060 dated 30/08/2013 and Rs. 33000/- vide No. 187062 dated 30/09/2013 all drawn Punjab National Bank at Subzi Mandi Delhi-110007, as and by way of interest free security deposit which shall become refundable by the Lessor to the Lessee, subject to adjustment/deduction of arrears, if any, of all outstanding, such as rent, electricity charges etc. only upon delivery by the Lessee to the Lessor of the vacant and peaceful possession of the demised premises on the expiry or earlier determination, as the case maybe of the lease of the demised premises.”

22. It is clear from the above that in terms of Paragraph 3 of the Lease Deed, the amount of interest free security deposit amounting to ₹84,000/- was refundable by the appellant to the respondents. Since the aforesaid term of the Lease Deed is a part of the plaint, we find no infirmity in the decision of the learned Commercial Court to consider the same. The fact that the security deposit is refundable, must be accepted as one of the facts as admitted in the plaint.

23. Thus, the decision of the learned Commercial Court to adjust the security deposit amount from the amount as payable to the appellant, cannot be faulted.

24. The appeal is unmerited and, accordingly, dismissed.

25. Pending application is also disposed of.

VIBHU BAKHRU, J AMIT MAHAJAN, J MAY 19, 2023 ‘KDK’