5d8cc7d9c8aa450286984bfe2d3b45344b8407a7fdf2adbef0d42a7632c8e601

2021 INSC 65

,ila{W bra;tjpypUe;J gpujpthjpfisj; jLf;fpd;w epue;ju cWj;Jf;fl;lisf;fhf ntz;Liuj;J ehkf;fy; khtl;l chpikapay; ePjpkd;wj;jpy; K/t/ vz; 188-2002?I jhf;fy; bra;jhh;/ tHf;Fr; brhj;J. fhyg;gehaf;fd;gl;o fpuhkj;jpy; mike;Js;s g[y vz; 172-1?,y; ml';fpa[s;s 1777?1-2 r/m/ mst[ bfhz;ljhFk;/ ,t;t[hpik tHf;fpy; thjpapd; tHf;fhtJ. tHf;Fr; brhj;J Kjypy; _y';fhtpw;F gz;izf; Typahshfr; brd;W. _y';fhtpy; ,we;Jnghd jyhkh eha[Ltpd; kfdhd jhrp eha[L vd;gtUf;Fr; brhe;jkhdjhFk;/ jhrp eha[Ltpd; kfdhd fpUc&;zrhkp eha[L 1981?Mk; Mz;oy; ,e;jpahtpw;F te;J. tHf;Fr; brhj;ija[k;. kw;w brhj;Jfisa[k; fdp rhcwpg; vd;gthplk; xg;gilj;jhh;/ ,th; brhj;Jfis eph;tfpj;J. mDgtpj;J te;jhh; vd;gjhFk;/ 3/ thjp. jhrp eha[Ltpd; tHpj;njhd;wy;fsplkpUe;J xU bry;yj;jf;f kWgaDf;fhf 16/7/2001 md;W gjpt[ bra;ag;gl;l Mtzk; K:yk; tHf;Fr; brhj;ij th';fpa[s;sjhf chpik nfhhpdhh;/ nkYk;. thjpapd; tHf;fhtJ. Kjy; gpujpthjp. Kd;dhs; ,uhQqtg; giltPuh; Mthh;/ nkYk;. Kjy; gpujpthjpapd; kUkfdhd ,uz;lhk; gpujpthjp. fhty;Jiwapy; fhtyuhf gzpg[hpe;Jbfhz;L tHf;Fr; brhj;jpd;kPjhd thjpapd; mikjpahd RthjPdj;ija[k;. mDnghfj;ija[k; ,ila{W bra;a Kad;wdh;/ vdnt. ,e;j chpik tHf;F jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;lJ/ jhrp eha[Ltpd; rl;lg;goahd thhpRfshy; epiwntw;wg;gl;l 22/5/2001?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l gfuhs; braYhpik Mtzk;. 16/7/2001?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l fpiua Mtzk;. jhrp eha[Ltpw;F Mjuthd 14/3/1946?Mk;

njjpaplg;gl;l fpiua Mtzk;. 27/2/2001?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l tPl;Lthp urPJ Mfpait tHf;Fiua[ld; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;l Mtz';fs; MFk;/ 4/ thjpapd; nfhhpf;ifia kWj;J. 1?Mk; gpujpthjp vjph;tHf;Fiuj; jhf;fy; bra;jhh;. tHf;Fr; brhj;J jhrp eha[Ltpw;Fr; brhe;jkhdJ vd;gij gpujpthjp xg;g[f;bfhz;lhh;/ 16/7/2001?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l gjpt[ bra;ag;gl;l fpiua Mtznk bgha;ahf g[idag;gl;l xd;whFk; vd gpujpthjp thjpl;lhh;/ fpiua Mtzj;jpy; brhy;yg;gl;lthW. jhrp eha[Ltpd; tHpj;njhd;wy;fshf miHf;fg;gLk; rl;lg;goahd thhpRfs; fw;gidahf rpj;jhpf;fg;gl;lth;fs;. nkYk;. nkw;go jhrp eha[Ltpd; rl;lg;go cz;ikahd thhpRfs; my;yh;/ tHf;Fr; brhj;jpd; chpik K:ynk gpur;rpidf;Fhpajhf cs;sJ. thjp. fdp rhcwpg;g[ld; nrh;e;Jbfhz;L ,uz;L jdp gfujpfhu Mtz';fisg; g[ide;Js;shh;. nkYk;. thjp nkw;go Mtz';fSld; c/tp/K/r/. fl;lis VII tpjp 14?,d; fPH; chpik tHf;F jhf;fy; bra;jpUe;jhh;/ jhrp eha[Ltpd; kfdhd r";rPtp eha[L. tHf;Fr; brhj;ija[k;. kw;w brhj;Jfisa[k;. gp/ u';fuh$^ eha[L vd;gthplk; xU gjpt[ bra;ag;gl;l gfuhs; braYhpik Mtzj;jpd; thapyhf xg;gilj;jg; gpd;dh;. mth;. mtuJ xnubahU rl;lg;go thhprhd jpUkjp mh;$^dh njtpia tpl;Ltpl;L ,we;Jtpl;lhh; vd;Wk;. ,th; jdJ kfs;fshd ehse;jh. ,e;jpuh kw;Wk; Fzghujp Mfpnahiu tpl;Ltpl;L ,we;Jtpl;lhh; vd;Wk;. gpujpthjpfs; vjph;tHf;Fiuapy; nfhhpf;if itj;jpUe;jdh;/ 1?Mk; gpujpthjp. fdp rhcwpg;gpd; cilikia vjph;j;J mtUf;F vjpuhf mtUila K:d;W kfs;fspd; rhh;ghf Xh; chpik tHf;ifj; jhf;fy; bra;jhh;. mt;t[hpik tHf;F js;Sgo bra;ag;gl;L nk/t/ vz; 297-1994 vd;w nky;KiwaPl;oy; vLj;Jf;bfhs;sg;gl;oUe;jJ/

5/ thjp. th/rh/1?Mf tprhhpf;fg;gl;lhh;/ gpujpthjpfs;. gp/rh/1 Kjy; gp/rh/6?Mf tprhhpf;fg;gl;ldh;/ thjp. VG rhd;whtz';fisj; jhf;fy; bra;jhh;/ tprhuiz ePjpkd;wk; gpd;tUk; K:d;W vGtpdhf;fis tide;jJ: @m) chpik tHf;fpYs;s thjpahy; nfhug;gl;l epue;ju cWj;Jf;fl;lis mtUf;F fpilf;fj;jf;fjh> M) thjp tHf;Fr; brhj;jpd; cz;ikahd chpikahsh; my;yh; vd;w gpujpthjpfspd; Tw;W rhpah> ,) thjpf;Fs;s fpilf;fj;jf;f kw;w ghpfhu';fs; ahit>@ 6/ 22/05/2001?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l gfuhs; braYhpik Mtzk;. _y';fhtpy; jahhpf;fg;gl;L. ehkf;fy; rhh;gjpthsh; mYtyfj;jpy; gjpt[ bra;ag;gl;lJ vd;W tprhuiz ePjpkd;wk; jPh;khdpj;jJ/ rhd;whtz';fs;. th/rh/1 kw;Wk; th/rh/2 thjpapd; rhh;ghf jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;l Mtz';fs; MFk;/ thjp. brhj;jpy; chpik bfhz;Ls;shh;. thjpapd; RthjPdKk; bka;gpf;fg;gl;Ls;sjhf fz;lwpag;gl;lJ vd;W tprhuiz ePjpkd;wk; jPh;khdpj;jJ/ tprhuiz ePjpkd;wk; chpik tHf;ifj; jPh;g;ghizapl;lJ/ 7/ gpujpthjpfs;. ehkf;fy; rhh;g[ ePjpkd;wk; Kd;ghf nk/t/ vz; 172-2005 vd;w xU nky;KiwaPl;ilj; jhf;fy; bra;jdh;/ Kjy; nky;KiwaPl;L ePjpkd;wk; th/rh/M/1 kw;Wk; th/rh/M/2 rhd;whtz';fshd gfuhs; braYhpik Mtz';fspd; bry;Ye;jd;ikia Vw;Wf;bfhz;L. rhd;whtzk; th/rh/M/1 re;njfj;jpw;Fhpa N:H;epiyfshy; N:Hg;gl;Ls;sjhff; fUj;Jiuj;jJ/ vdpDk;. Kjy; nky;KiwaPl;L ePjpkd;wk;. btspehl;oy; vGjg;gl;l gfu Mtzk; gjpt[

bra;ag;glntz;oajpy;iy vd;w Kot[f;F te;jJ/ nkYk;. rhd;whtzkhd th/rh/M/1 gfuhs; braYhpik Mtzj;jpd; epiwntw;wKk;. ek;gj;jFe;jepiya[k; bka;g;gpf;fg;gl;oUf;fhjjhy; rhd;whtzkhd th/rh/M/2 fpiua MtzKk; jP';Fjuj;jf;ftifapy; ghjpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ vd;w Kot[f;F Kjy; nky;KiwaPl;L ePjpkd;wk; te;jJ/ vdnt. thjp tHf;Fr; brhj;jpd; kPJ jdJ chpikK:yj;ij epiyehl;lj; jtwptpl;lhh;/ nkYk;. xd;whk; gpujpthjp mnj brhj;Jf;fhf K/t/ vz; 524-1987?I jhf;fy; bra;jpUe;jhh;. mjpy; 1?Mk; gpujpthjp. jdf;fhft[k;. jdJ K:d;W kfs;fSf;fhft[k; brhj;jpd; cilik kw;Wk; tpsk;g[if nfhhpapUe;jhh;. tHf;Fr; brhj;J 1?Mk; gpujpthjpapd; K:d;W kfs;fSf;Fhpj;jhdJ vd;Wk;. mth;fsplk; RthjPdk; cs;sJ vd;Wk; gpujpthjpahy; bka;g;gpf;f ,aytpy;iy vd;W Kjy; nky;KiwaPl;L ePjpkd;wk; fz;lwpe;Js;sJ/ thjp jdJ chpikK:yj;ij bka;g;gpf;fj; jtwptpl;lhh; vd;w fhuzj;jpd;nghpy;. Kjy; nky;KiwaPl;L ePjpkd;wk; nky;KiwaPl;il mDkjpj;J. jPh;g;ghizia ePf;fwt[ bra;jJ/ Kjy; nky;KiwaPl;L ePjpkd;wj;jpd; jPh;g;g[iuapdhy; kdf;Fiwa[w;W. thjp ,uz;lhk; nky;KiwaPl;ilj; jhf;fy; bra;Js;shh;/ 8/ cah; ePjpkd;wk; mjd; 28/04/2009?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l jPh;g;g[iuapd; K:yk; thjpapd; rhh;ghf cWj;Jf;fl;lis tH';fp. tprhuiz ePjpkd;wj;jpd; jPh;g;ghizia cWjpbra;J. K:d;W rhukhd rl;l vGtpdhf;fis Kot[bra;jjd; thapyhf ,uz;lhtJ nky;KiwaPl;il mDkjpj;jJ/ gpujpthjp. tHf;Fr; brhj;jpd; cilikia kPsg;bgWtjw;Fk;. tpsk;g[if bra;tjw;Fkhd Kjnyw;g[ tHf;F vz; 524-1987?I jhf;fy; bra;jpUe;jhh;. mJ. tprhuiz ePjpkd;wj;jhy; js;Sgo bra;ag;gl;ljw;F vjpuhf. me;j nk/t/ vz; 297-1994?k; js;Sgo

bra;ag;gl;Ls;sjhy;. gpujpthjp tHf;Fr; brhj;jpd; chpikK:yj;jpnyh. cilikapnyh xUnghJk; ,Ue;jjpy;iy vd;W Ke;ija eltof;iffspy; ,Wjp Kot[ vLf;fg;gl;Ltpl;ljhYk;. thjpapd; cilik. gpujpthjpahy; xg;g[f;bfhs;sg;gl;oUg;gjhYk; thjpapd; chpik tHf;F jPh;g;ghizaplg;gLtjw;FhpajhFk; vd cah; ePjpkd;wk; fz;lwpe;jJ/ nkYk;. Kjy; nky;KiwaPl;L ePjpkd;wk;. rhd;whtz';fshd th/rh/M/1 kw;Wk; th/rh/M/2?,d; bry;Ye;jd;ikia Vw;Wf;bfhz;oUf;ff;TlhJ vd;W cah; ePjpkd;wk; fUjpaJ/ cah; ePjpkd;wk; nky;KiwaPl;il mDkjpj;jJ/ cah; ePjpkd;wj;jpd; jPh;g;g[iuapd;kPJ kdf;Fiwa[w;W. gpujpthjpfs; ,e;j nky;KiwaPl;Lld; Kd;te;Js;sdh;/ 9/ nky;KiwaPl;lhsh; rhh;ghf fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"h; jpUkjp-bry;tp nf/ mgpuhkp Kd;dpiyahdhh; kw;Wk; vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsUf;fhf fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"h; jpU/ tp/ gpughfh; Kd;dpiyahdhh;/ 10/ thjp 16/07/2001?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l fpiua Mtzj;jpd; mog;gilapy; tHf;Fr; brhj;jpw;Fhpa chpikiaf; nfhhpa[s;shh;/ mf;fpiua Mtzk; jhrp eha[Ltpd; thhpRfshy; Kiwahd gfuhs; braYhpik Mtzg;go epiwntw;wg;gl;oUf;fhjjhy; bry;yj;jFe;jjhf ,y;iy/ Mfnt. thjpapd; chpik tHf;F js;Sgo bra;ag;gLtjw;FhpajhFk; vd nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fSf;fhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"h; gzpe;Jiuf;fpwhh;/ thjp jd;Dila tHf;fpYs;s ek;gpf;ifapd;nghpy; mt;t[hpik tHf;fpy; btw;wpailayhk; vd;Wk;. thjp. gpujpthjpfspd; tHf;fpy; cs;s gytPdj;ij mDTykhf vLj;Jf;bfhs;sKoahJ vd;Wk; gzpe;Jiuf;fg;gLfpwJ/ gpujpthjpfs;. thjpapd; chpik tHf;fpy;

j';fspd; chpikK:yj;ija[k;. cilika[k; bka;g;gpf;fj; jtwpapUe;jhY';Tl. gpujpthjpfs; j';fspd; chpikK:yj;ija[k;. cilikiaa[k; bka;g;gpf;fj; jtwptpl;ldh; vd;w r';fjpapd;nghpy; kl;Lnk jPh;g;ghizapl;oUf;ff;TlhJ/ 11/ gpujpthjpfshy; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;l Mtz';fs; tprhuiz ePjpkd;wj;jhYk;. cah; ePjpkd;wj;jhYk; ghprPypf;fg;gltpy;iybad;Wk; nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fSf;fhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"h; thjpl;lhh;/ nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fshd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"h;. efh; ghypfh. $pe;j; ?vjph;? $fj; rp';. tHf;Fiu"h;. (1995) 3 v!;/rp/rp/ 426; aKdh efh; ,k;g[U:t;bkz;l; ou!;l; ?vjph;? fhhpal;o yhy;. (2005) 10 v!;/rp/rp/ 30 kw;Wk; $f;jP!; gpurhj; gnly; (,we;Jtpl;lhh;) rl;lg;goahd gpujpepjpfs; K:ykhf kw;Wk; xUth; ?vjph;? rpt;ehj; kw;Wk; gyh;. (2019) 6 v!;/rp/rp/ 82 Mfpa tHf;Ffspy; ,e;ePjpkd;wj;jpd; jPh;g;g[iufspd; kPJ rhh;e;Jepd;whh;/ 12/ vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsUf;fhf Kd;dpiyahd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"h; jpU/ tp/ gpughfh;. nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fSf;fhd tHf;Fiu"hpd; thjj;ij kWj;J. thjp mtuJ cilikia btw;wpfukhf bka;gpj;Js;shh; vd;Wk;. ,Jt[k;. gpujpthjpahy; mtuJ tptu ciuapy; xg;g[f;bfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sJ vd;Wk;. cWj;Jf;fl;lisf;fhd chpik tHf;F tprhuiz ePjpkd;wj;jhy; rhpahf jPh;g;ghizaplg;gl;lJ vd;Wk; thJiuj;Js;shh;/ Kf;fpakhf. thjpa[k; gjpt[ bra;ag;gl;l fpiua Mtzk; K:yk; jdJ chpikK:yj;ij btw;wpfukhf bka;g;gpj;Js;shh; vd;W thjplg;gl;Ls;sJ/ jhrp eha[Ltpd; rl;lg;goahd thhpRfshy; epiwntw;wg;gl;l gfuhs; braYhpik Mtzj;jpd; mog;gilapy; xU

gjpt[ bra;ag;gl;l fpiua Mtzk; K:yk; brhj;J th';fg;gl;lJ/ gfuhs; braYhpik Mtzk; _y';fhtpy; jahhpf;fg;gl;L. ehkf;fy; rhh;gjpthsuhy; gjpt[ bra;ag;gl;Ls;sjhy;. gfuhs; braYhpik Mtzk; Kiwahf epiwntw;wg;gl;L cWjpg;gLj;jg;gltpy;iy vd;W jPh;khdpj;jjpy; Kjy; nky;KiwaPl;L ePjpkd;wk; gpiHg[hpe;Jtpl;lJ/ thjp. giHa fl;likg;ig ,oj;Jtpl;lhh; vd;gJ gjptpy; cs;s rhd;wpypUe;J bka;g;gpf;fg;gl;oUg;gjhy;. thjpapd; cilik gpujpthjpahy; kWf;fg;glKoahJ vd;W gzpe;Jiuf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ/ gpujpthjp brhj;jpd; nkyhsuhd fdp rhcwpg;gpw;F vjpuhf tHf;Fr; brhj;jpd; cilikia kPsg;bgWtjw;Fk;. tpsk;g[iff;Fkhd chpik tHf;ifj; jhf;fy; bra;Js;shh;/ mt;t[hpik tHf;F js;Sgo bra;ag;gl;oUg;gjhy;. thjpapd; chpik tHf;if vjph;f;f gpujpthjpf;F chpik ,y;iy/ 13/ eh';fs; jug;gpdh;fSf;fhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"h;fspd; thj';fisg; ghprPypj;J gjpthtz';fisg; ghh;itapl;Ls;nshk;/ 14/ thjp. jdJ tHf;Fiuapy; chpikK:yj;ija[k;. cilikiaa[k; nfhhpaJld; gpujpthjpfs;. tHf;Fr; brhj;jpy; thjpapd; mikjpahd RthjPdj;ija[k;. mDnghfj;ija[k; ,ila{W bra;tjpypUe;J jLf;ft[k; nfhhpdhh;/ chpik tHf;fpy; thjp gpd;tUk; ghpfhu';fis ntz;Liuj;Js;shh;: @m) tHf;Fr; brhj;jpy; thjpapd; mikjpahd RthjPdj;ija[k;. mDnghfj;ija[k; vk;KiwapyhtJ ,ila{W bra;tjpypUe;J gpujpthjpfisa[k;. mth;fsJ Ml;fisa[k; jLf;fpd;w epue;ju cWj;Jf;fl;lisf;fhft[k;;

M) khz;g[kpF ePjpkd;wk; tHf;fpd; N:H;epiyfSf;F cfe;jtifapy; fUJfpd;wthwhd nkYk; ntW ghpfhuk; my;yJ ghpfhu';fis tH';Ftjw;fhft[k;; ,) gpujpthjpfSf;F tHf;fpd; bryt[j;bjhifia jPh;tspj;J ePjpia epiyehl;lt[k;@ MFk;/ 15/ thjp. brhj;Jld; cilikapd; kPjhd jdJ chpikia bka;g;gpj;Js;sjhft[k;. mth; cWj;Jf;fl;lis jPh;g;ghizf;Fhpath; vd;Wk; tprhuiz ePjpkd;wk; fz;lwpe;jJ/ Ke;ija chpik tHf;fhd K/t/ vz; 524-1987 gpujpthjpfshy; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;L. mt;t[hpik tHf;F tprhuiz ePjpkd;wj;jhy; js;Sgo bra;ag;gl;lJ/ mjw;bfjpuhf jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;l nky;KiwaPlhd nk/t/ vz; 297-1994?k; js;Sgo bra;ag;gl;lJ vd midj;J K:d;W ePjpkd;w';fSk; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;sd/ ,tw;wpd; jPh;g;g[iufs; thjpahy; tprhuiz ePjpkd;wj;jpd; Kd;ghf bfhz;Ltug;gl;ld/ K/t/ vz; 524-1987?,y; 23/11/1992?Mk; njjpaplg;gl;l tprhuiz ePjpkd;wj;jpd; jPh;g;g[iuapd; efy;. gpw;nrh;f;if gp/5?Mf gjptpy; bfhz;Ltug;gl;Ls;sJ/ chpik tHf;F. 1?Mk; gpujpthjpahy; mtuJ K:d;W ,sth; kfs;fnshL nrh;e;J jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;lJ. mth;. kfs;fspd; je;ijahft[k;. fhg;ghsuhft[k;. tHf;F Jiztuhft[k; ,Ug;gjhy; K/t/ vz; 524-1987?,d; thjp jpU/ gp/ u';fuh$^ eha[L vd;gthpd; K:ykhf tHf;Fr; brhj;jpd; kPjhd chpikK:yj;ijf; nfhhpdhh;/ nkyhsuhd fdp rhcwpg; gpujpthjpahfr; nrh;f;fg;gl;lhh;/ nkYk;. chpik tHf;F tpsk;g[iff;fhft[k;. cilikf;fhft[k;. epue;ju cWj;Jf;fl;lisf;fhft[k; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;lJ/

brhj;J jhrp eha[Lt[f;Fr; brhe;jkhdJ vd;Wk;. ,tuJ kfd; fpUc&;zrhkp eha[L ,e;jpaht[f;F te;J tHf;Fr; brhj;ij epUtfpg;gjw;fhf gpujpthjpapd; rhh;ghf gfuhs; braYhpik Mtzj;ij epiwntw;wpdhh; vd;gJk;. mg;nghjpypUe;J gpujpthjp cilikapYk;. mjidg; gad;gLj;Jgtuhft[k; ,Ue;Jte;jhh; vd;gJkhd thjj;ij gpujpthjp bjhLj;J chpik tHf;if vjph;j;jhh;/ nkw;go chpik tHf;fpy; thjpahd Rg;gpukzpadhy;. gpujpthjpapd; cilik xg;g[f;bfhs;sg;gl;lJ/ gpd;tUk; jPh;g;g[iuapy; 11?MtJ gj;jpapy; tprhuiz ePjpkd;wj;jhy; jPh;khdpf;fg;gl;ljhtJ: @11/ ////,t;t[hpik tHf;fpy; gpujpthjp tHf;Fr; brhj;Jfspd; cilikapy; cs;shh; vd;gJ thjpfshy; xg;g[f;bfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sJ/ gpujpthjp tHf;Fr; brhj;Jfspd; cilikapy; cs;shh; vd;W thjpfs; xg;g[f;bfhz;Ls;sjhd mr;N:H;epiyfspd; fPH;. gpujpthjp rhh;ghf fpUc&;zrhkpahy; epiwntw;wg;gl;l gfuhs; braYhpik Mtzj;ij gpujpthjp Kd;dpiyg;gLj;jpapUf;ftpy;iybad;wnghjpYk;. gp/rh/1?,d; rhd;Wiuapy; gpujpthjp fpUc&;zrhkpapd; gfu mjpfhuj;jpy; cs;shh; vd;gJ Vw;fj;jf;f xd;W vd;W nfhhpa[s;sjhf jPh;khdpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ/ gp/rh/2?,d; rhd;WiuapypUe;J r";rPtp eha[L. ey;Y eha[L. fpUc&;zrhkp eha[L Mfpnahiu jhrp eha[L jdJ rl;lg;goahd thhpRfshf tpl;Ltpl;L ,we;Jtpl;lhh; vd;W

jPh;khdpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ////// gpujpthjp. fpUc&;zrhkpapd; gfu mjpfhu Kftuhf mtuJ jFjpapy; tHf;Fr; brhj;jpd; cilikapypUe;Jbfhz;L eph;tfpj;J tUfpwhh; vd;Wk;. gpujpthjp tHf;Fr; brhj;jpy; thlifjhuh; my;yh; vd;Wk;. mjd;go ,uz;L kw;Wk; Ie;jhtJ vGtpdhf;fs; chpathW gjpyspf;fg;gLfpd;wd vd;Wk; jPh;khdpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ////@ 16/ Rg;gpukzpadhy; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;l cilikf;Fk;. tpsk;g[iff;Fkhd chpik tHf;F js;Sgo bra;ag;gl;ljw;bfjpuhf nk/t/ vz; 297-1994 jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;L. mJ. 8/9/1995 md;W nryk; khtl;l ePjpkd;wj;jhy; js;Sgo bra;ag;gl;lJ/ 17/ cah; ePjpkd;wk; mjDila jPh;g;g[iuapy; Ke;ija tHf;if rhpahff; Fwpg;gpl;L. Rg;gpukzpad; kw;Wk; mtuJ K:d;W kfs;fshy; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;l Ke;ija tHf;fpd; fhz;Kot[fspd;go. gpujpthjpfs; tHf;Fr; brhj;jpd; cilikapy; ,y;iy vd;W jPh;khdpg;gJ nghJkhdJ vd;W Kot[ bra;Js;sJ/ thjpapd; cilik. chpik tHf;fpy; gpujpthjpapdhnyna bra;ag;gl;l Vw;g[iuapd; mog;gilapyhdJ vd;W cah; ePjpkd;wk; rhpahfnt fUj;Jiuj;Js;sJ/ cah; ePjpkd;wk; 24?Mk; gj;jpapy; jPh;khdpj;Js;sjhtJ: @24/ ////thjpapd; cilik vd;gJ gpujpthjpfshnyna bra;ag;gl;l Vw;g[iufspd; mog;gilapYk;. nkYk;. xd;whk; gpujpthjp bjhl';fpa jdJ ,Wjpg; nghuhl;lj;ijr;

re;jpj;j Ke;ija tHf;F eltof;iffspd; bghUz;ikj; bjhFjpapd; mog;gilapYkhdJ/@ 18/ nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fSf;fhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"uhy; bra;ag;gl;l thjk; ahbjdpy;. ,t;t[hpik tHf;fpy; thjp jdJ chpikK:yj;ija[k;. cilikiaa[k; nfhhpa[s;shh;/ cah; ePjpkd;wk; thjpapd; chpikK:y gpur;rpidf;Fs; bry;yhkYk;. thjpapd; chpikK:yj;ij jPh;khdpf;fhkYk; gpiHg[hpe;Js;sjhy; chpik tHf;if jPh;g;ghizapl;oUf;ff;TlhJ vd;gjhFk;/ nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;fSf;fhd fw;wwpe;j tHf;Fiu"h; efh; ghypfh. $pe;j; ?vjph;? $fj; rp';. tHf;Fiu"h;. (1995) 3 v!;/rp/rp/ 426 vd;w tHf;fpy; ,e;ePjpkd;wj;jpd; jPh;g;g[iuapd;kPJ rhh;e;Jepd;wJ/ nkw;go tHf;fpy; chpik tHf;F cWj;Jf;fl;lisf;fhf vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsuhy; jhf;fy; bra;ag;gl;lJ. ,jpy; vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh; gpur;rpidf;Fhpa epyj;jpd; chpikahsuhft[k; ,Ue;jjpy;iy. cilikapYk; ,Ue;jjpy;iy vd;w fhuzj;jpd;nghpy; efuhl;rpf; FGthy; vjph;;f;fg;gl;lJ/ tprhuiz ePjpkd;wk; chpik tHf;if js;Sgo bra;jJ/ Kjy; nky;KiwaPl;L ePjpkd;wk; chpik tHf;if jPh;g;ghizapl;oUe;jJ. nkYk;. ,uz;lhtJ nky;KiwaPL cah; ePjpkd;wj;jhy; js;Sgo bra;ag;gl;lJ/ efh; ghypfh. ,e;j ePjpkd;wk; Kd;ghf nky;KiwaPL jhf;fy; bra;jhh;/ cah; ePjpkd;wk; Kd;ghf Kd;dpiyg;gLj;jg;gl;oUf;fhj fpiua Mtzk; K:ykhf <l;lg;bgw;w chpikK:yk; ,t;tHf;fpy; xg;g[f;bfhs;sg;gl;l r';fjpahf ,Ue;jJ. mJ. efuhl;rpf; FGthy; xUnghJk; vjph;j;Jiuf;fg;gltpy;iy vd;w mDkhdj;jpd;nghpy; ,e;j ePjpkd;wk; nky;elj;jpaJ vd;w thjk; efh; ghypfhthy; ,e;ePjpkd;wk; Kd;ghf vGg;gg;gl;lJ/ ,e;ePjpkd;wk; 6?Mk; gj;jpapy;

Kjy; nky;KiwaPl;L ePjpkd;wj;jpd; jPh;g;g[iuf;F khwhf fUj;J bjhptpj;J gpd;tUkhW jPh;khdpj;Js;sJ: @6/ vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsUf;fhf Kd;dpiyahd tHf;Fiu"h;. efuhl;rpf; FGthy; mjDila vjph;tHf;Fiuapy;. vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhshpd; chpikK:yj;ija[k;. cilikiaa[k; Fwpj;j mj;jifa bjspthd kWg;g[ vt;thW btspg;gilahf cs;sJ vd;gij tpsf;f ,aytpy;iy. nky;KiwaPl;L ePjpkd;wk; Kd;ghf Kd;dpiyg;gLj;jg;gl;oUf;fhj fpiua Mtzk; K:ykhf <l;lg;bgw;w chpikK:yk; ,t;tHf;fpy; xg;g[f;bfhs;sg;gl;l r';fjpahf ,Ue;jJ. mJ. efuhl;rpf; FGthy; xUnghJk; vjph;j;Jiuf;fg;gltpy;iy vd;w mDkhdj;jpd;nghpy; nky;KiwaPl;L ePjpkd;wk; nky;elj;jpaJ/ v';fspd; Tw;Wg;go. vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;. ePjpkd;wk; Kd;ghf xUnghJk; Kd;dpiyg;gLj;jg;glhj gpur;rpidf;Fhpa fpiua Mtzk; K:ykhf tpiyf;F th';fg;gl;ljhfr; brhy;yg;gLk; njjpf;Fg;gpwF vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhshpd; cilik bjhlh;g[ila rhd;wpidg; ghprPypf;f nky;KiwaPl;L ePjpkd;wk; Kw;gl;lnghJ. nky;KiwaPl;L ePjpkd;wk; bgUk;gpiHg[hpe;Jtpl;lJ vd;gjhFk;/ ,J chpikK:yj;jpd; mog;gilapyhd Xh; chpik tHf;fpy;

vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh; tHf;Fr; brhj;jpw;Fhpa jdJ chpikK:yj;ij bka;g;gpj;jpUe;jhuh> vd;w Kf;fpakhd gpur;rpidapy; mjDila rpe;ijia xUnghJk; brYj;jpapUf;ftpy;iy/ gpur;rpidf;Fhpa brhj;jpy; mtuJ chpikK:yj;ij epU:gpf;Fk; bghWg;g[ nkw;go vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh; kPjpUe;jJ vd;gJ kWj;Jiuf;fg;gl KoahJ/ nkYk;/ nkw;go vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh; ml;ltizapYs;s cld;?g';Fjhuh;fspy; xUthpd; g';if nfhhpte;jhh;/ Mdhy;. ve;j cld;?g';FjhuUk; Tl;Lr; brhj;jpd; Fwpg;gpl;l gFjpf;Fhpa chpikK:yj;ij khw;w";bra;a ,ayhJ vd;W nky;KiwaPl;lhshpd; rhh;ghf nky;KiwaPl;L ePjpkd;wj;jpd; Kd;ghf Rl;of;fhl;lg;gl;ljhfj; bjhpfpwJ/ vdpDk;. tHf;fpd; mog;gilapy; gpur;rpidfisg; ghprPypf;fj; jtwptpl;ljhy; nky;KiwaPl;od; ePjpkd;wk;. 1974?75?Mk; Mz;ow;fhd $khge;jp kw;Wk; 1977?79?Mk; Mz;ow;Fhpa f!;uh fph;j;thhp nghd;w 1974?75?Mk; Mz;oypUe;J cs;s tUtha; Mtz';fis kl;Lnk ghprPypf;f Kw;gl;lJ/@ 19/ chpik tHf;F. Fwpj;jtif ghpfhur; rl;lk; 1963. gphpt[ 6?,d; fPHhdjhff; fUjg;glntz;Lk; vd;W chpik tHf;fpy; vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsuhy; xU epiyg;ghL vLf;fg;gl;lJ/ ,e;ePjpkd;wk; nkw;go thjj;ij epuhfhpj;jJ/

gj;jp 9?,y;. gphpt[ 6?,d; mog;gilapyhd vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhshpd; thjk; gpd;tUkhW fUj;Jiuj;jjd; K:yk; ,e;ePjpkd;wj;jhy; epuhfhpf;fg;gl;lJ: @9/ Fwpj;jtif ghpfhur; rl;lj;jpd; gphpt[ 6?,d; nfhl;ghl;oid. vt;thW jw;nghija tHf;fpd; bghUz;ikfspYk;. N:H;epiyfspYk; bghUj;jyhk;> vd;gJ Fwpj;J kjpg;gpl eh';fs; jtwptpl;nlhk;/ thjpahd vjph;nky;KiwaPl;lhsh;. nky;KiwaPl;lhsuhd efuhl;rpf; FGthy; cilik ePf;fk; bra;ag;gl;oUe;jjhf xUnghJk; brhy;ytpy;iy/ mjw;Fkhwhf. mth; gpur;rpidf;Fhpa epyj;jpd; chpikahsuhf chpiknfhhp mjd; cilikapy; ,Ug;gjhft[k; cWjpgl Twpdhh;/ mth;. jdJ cilikapy; FWf;fpLtjpypUe;J nky;KiwaPl;lhsiu jLf;fpd;w epue;ju cWj;Jf;fl;lis nfhhpdhh;/ ,U jug;gpdh;fSk; chpikK:yg; gpur;rpid cl;gl mtuth;fSf;Fhpa chpik nfhhpf;iffSf;F Mjuthf rhd;Wfis Kd;itj;jdh;/@ 20/ ,t;tHf;fpy; thjpapd; cilik ,U Kf;fpa fhuz';fspd; mog;gilapy; cah; ePjpkd;wj;jhy; cWjpbra;ag;gl;lJ/ Kjyhtjhf. chpik tHf;fpd; gpujpthjpahd Rg;gpukzpad; brhj;jpd; nkyhsuhd fdp rhcwpg;ig vjph;j;J mnj brhj;jpw;fhd cilikia kPsg;bgWtjw;fhft[k;. tpsk;g[iff;fhft[k; Kd;djhf Xh; chpik tHf;ifj; jhf;fy; bra;jpUe;jhh;/ ,J